croc's post demonstrates why a majority of designers in the Silicon Valley now come from immigrants. Technical knowledge in America comes mostly from wild speculation and feelings.
An incandescent light bulb fails for a number of reasons, to do with hours used AND on / off cycles. ...
An 'open neutral' is by definition, an incomplete circuit... ie, no conduction, therefore no power. ...
No datacenter would even think of not running very good UPS systems, generally with a good backup generator as well.
1) One who first learns how filaments fail would obviously know that power cycling does not cause that damage. But anyone who knows only using observation and wild speculation would post that claim. The IES Handbook is quite clear about what causes light bulb failure - voltage and hours. Both are even defined with equations. Power cycling does not cause light bulb failure when one learns science.
2) An open neutral causes a significant voltage increase. Anyone with basic electrician knowledge would know that. Furthermore, we have even seen a house explode due to an open neutral combined with a missing earth ground electrode. croc would understand that with basic electrical knowledge. croc knows how to attack; did not bother to first learn.
3) UPS is installed to provide power when utility electric is lost. To protection hardware, other solutions are provided. Hardware protection is defined even in Sun Microsystems "Planning guide for Sun Server room":
> Section 6.4.7 Lightning Protection:
> Lightning surges cannot be stopped, but they can be diverted. The plans
> for the data center should be thoroughly reviewed to identify any paths
> for surge entry into the data center. Surge arrestors can be designed into
> the system to help mitigate the potential for lightning damage within the
> data center. These should divert the power of the surge by providing a
> path to ground for the surge energy. ...
Where do they call for a UPS for hardware protection? They do not. croc has simply reiterated a popular myth - that the UPS provides hardware protection. The UPS provides power to keep servers working. Hardware protection is located elsewhere - defined by what absorbs surges - earth ground.
OP's solution to protect data is a UPS. OP's solution to protect hardware is a properly earthed 'whole house' protector - as Sun Microsystems also requires for their computers. As every telco everywhere in the work installs for their computers. As the US Air Force demands in their every facility. As is standard in maritime communication centers. As even Orange County FL corrected to stop surge damage:
http://www.psihq.com/AllCopper.htm
croc needs to learn before knowing. He even posts popular urban myths about light bulbs because he knows only from observation - also called junk science. He demonstrates why the Silicon Valley needs so many immigrant who actually know how to think logically. Not use junk science reasoning.
What the OP thought was a surge would be completely ignored by any surge protector. What causes power supply damage? No definitive answer is available without an autopsy. But such failures are typical of manufacturing defects.