Reading
the threads here should help with lots of general information.
For fittings you could use 1/2" barbs for a super tight fit or 7/16" compression fittings for a direct match to the tubing (but much more expensive). The reason most people put 7/16" hose on a 1/2" barb is for extra security against leaks, something that I think is not necessary. If you put the hose on the barb properly there's no reason for a leak to occur.
In your case with filling simply fill directly into the res. If the res in inconveniently placed for filling you could use a t-line or just cut a segment of tube as in impromptu funnel. you could also create a fillport ahead (being higher elevation or it doesn't work) of the res if you want. The end result is the same
For getting that water from the res to the rest of your loop you will need to provide power to the pump in short bursts so that
the pump does not run dry. Just continue topping off the res and and turning the pump on fro short rounds until everything is filled. It will take a while for the whole loop to fill and flush out all the air. More details can be found on the page I linked.
I'm not sure on a 140mm rad cooling a CPU. Sure it can work, but I think performance will be lackluster. If you can pull off a 2x120mm rad I that would be a better choice.