Overload/Over Voltage protection

The 850TX has a over voltage, overload protection, does that mean if i fry my power supply theres a good chance that i dident fry my other parts?

Overload protection means that if the PSU detects a large spike in current, aka a short, or it exceeds its rated current rating it will shut off. Over voltage protection means that if something bad happens and the voltage starts to go out of spec, say your 12V rail hits 12.5V, it will shut off the PSU automatically to protect the components. Any halfway decent PSU should have both of those, particularly overload protection.

If you fry an 850TX then you are doing something horribly wrong and any damage that its dying breaths do the components will be minimal compared what you must have done to the system in order to get the 850TX to fry. But whether or not a PSU dies with a bang or a wimper really depends what goes, but with a corsair PSU, good luck killing it in the first place.

You sure you got everything hooked up right? You shouldnt be pulling more than 10 amps even at max load, your average household breaker trips at 15 amps. If you hadnt tested it prior to using that extension block make sure that everything is hooked up properly, and try using the paper clip technique to jump start it. You may have gotten shipped a dead one.

If the PSU is working properly, it will shut down. If the PSU is not working properly, all bets are off.

If a failure occurs in the input circuits, at the worst, you will trip the AC circuit breaker. If the failure occurs in the output circuits (the 3.3, 5 and, 12 volt power circuits), the PSU should electronically shut down. If the failure occurs in the middle (the power oscillator or voltage and current monitoring circuits), who knows what will happen.