I've fought for over a month with this issue and have stumbled upon a new solution that I haven't seen anybody else post so I'm just adding my 2 cents and hope it can help others.
DISABLE C1E IN THE BIOS !!!
I know this are a lot of different configurations of systems (AMD or Intel CPU, ATI or Nvidia GPU) that have this same issue and I suspect this could be a fix for a lot of them so if this works for you, respond and list your system specs for the community.
For those who like more info, here you go
My Configuration:
Asus M4A79T Deluxe
Phenom X4 810
4 x 2GB Kingston 1333 DDR3
Radeon 4890 (also tried Radeon 3650)
All SATA Channels using AHCI
Windows 7 Ultimate x64
My problems:
I used to see the driver stop within 60 seconds of turning on Aero, 3D gaming, or even Windows performance test.
My actions:
Tried TDR registry mods, msconfig CPU and Memory settings, 2 different Video cards installed into various slots on the motherboard. Ran memtest for 24 hours with no errors. Tried installing drivers in safe mode after a driver cleanup. I was about to reinstall with vista but decided to update the BIOS again just in case. All the BIOS settings were reset to default by the update but I wasn't concerned with tweaking at the time so I just let the system boot and once logged in, enabled Aero. Ran a number of tests with no issues so I figured the BIOS update fixed the problem. Rebooted and 'tweaked' the BIOS back to it's previous configuration. Booted Windows and with Aero left enabled from the last logon, my system crashed before the desktop could be displayed. Undid my BIOS tweaks one at a time until I found the culprit.
My Solution:
Disable C1E in the BIOS. It's under CPU Configuration. C1E is an advanced power state that dynamically changes the CPU multiplier depending on load to save power. This is supposed to enhance the power savings we already see by throttling the CPU frequency. My guess is that some requests between the CPU and GPU are getting lost or out of sync or something when the multiplier changes.
My Results:
Now I can play Crysis (the most finicky and unstable game I've ever played) with no problems. Aero doesn't cause me any issues, and Windows system rating completes successfully.