I would get in the BIOS and make sure the hard drive shows up either there (If SATA/IDE) or if your running in a RAID mode, go to that configuration via the POST HotKey. easymoney9 is right, make sure your cables are working.
So then if your drive does show up and your experiencing something like this, you may have a corrupted bootsector/MBR (if your lucky) and that can be fixed by the windows installation disc and booting into the repair mode