Case - $110 - Antec 902 V3
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16811129097
PSU - $110 - XFX 750 WBlack Edition PSU
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16817207003
MoBo - $395 - ASUS P8P67 Pro
http://www.newegg.com/Product/ComboDealDetails.aspx?ItemList=Combo.622007
CPU - incl above - Intel Core i5-2500K
Cooler - Maybe Later - Scythe SCMG 2100
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16835185142
TIM - Maybe Later - Shin Etsu
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16835150080
RAM - $84 - (2 x 4GB) Corsair CAS 9
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16820145324
GFX - $240 - Gigabyte GTX 560 Ti 900 Mhz
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16814125363
GFX - Later - Same
HD - $65 - Spinpoint F3 1TB 7200 rpm
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16822152185
SSD - $300 - OCZ Vertex 3 2.5" 120GB
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16820227706
DVD Writer - $22 - Asus 24X DRW-24B3L w/ LS
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16827135204
Monitor - $170 - ASUS VE247H 23.6" LED
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16824236112
Total is $1496
I included a monitor cause a $1500 build doesn't go w/ a 1366 x 768 resolution as it would be totally overkill. The Cooler and TIM would add $45 and I'd do that from the getgo so you don't have to disassemble anything.
However, all the choices will be totally meaningless come September .... LGA 2011 should be out, new GFX cards will be on horizon, new cases, new PSU's, etc .... the only things constant about the state of PC components is that 50% of what you buy today will have something faster / better / cheaper in 2-3 months.....the other 50% within 5-6 months
the why's .....
Case - In today's world you want a solid case, easy to work in. Ya wanna be able to check off each of the following and if any case is missing one of them, cross it off ya list ....front USB Port(s), CPU cutout for easy cooler mounting, high air flow (this fits 6 fans), built-in SSD mount, washable air inlet filters, support for at least 2 but preferably 3 GFXcards, lots of drive bays (this has six 3.5 bays and three 5.25" bays in addition to SSD mount), built in fan speed control.
PSU - johnnyguru said it best
http://www.jonnyguru.com/modules.php?name=NDReviews&op=Story5&reid=165
the XFX 850W Black Edition came looking to make a splash, and ended up doing a cannonball big enough to just about drown the competition. Voltage regulation is nothing short of fantastic, efficiency is excellent, and ripple and noise is just about nonexistent.
MoBo / CPU - The consensus Editor's Choice and top overclocking board combined with the best bang for the buck CPU and a $20 combo discount to boot. What a net cost of $155, not really serious competitors at that price.
RAM - It's low profile, so won't bother ya CPU cooler, from a reliable manufacturer and it's cheaper than anything else.
GFC Card - At $215 last week, it was almost "grand theft"
but at $240 it's still a steal. Can't speak for the Gigabyte but the Asus Cu II TOP model easily OC's to 1000 MHz .
HD - Spinpoint F3, WD Black or Segate 7200.12 .... couldn't say any one of em was a bad choice.
SSD - It's the "top dog", enuff said.