Here's the power consumption for most of those cards. The only one not listed is the HD 6790. Also note that the HD 6770 is really just a renamed HD 5770. The HD 6790 probably uses around 80w of power when playing games.
Generally speaking, the fastest to slowest card is as follows:
GTX 460 - 1GB
HD 6850
HD 5830
HD 6790
HD 6770
See following review of these cards (excluding the HD 6790) benchamrked:
http://www.xbitlabs.com/articles/graphics/display/gigabyte-gv-n460oc-768i.html
Overall, the HD 6850 would be the best in terms of performance and power consumption. The
The GTX 460 - 1GB is the best card when it comes to price and performance.
Based on the relatively small price difference between the HD 6770 and the performance with the other cards, the HD 6770 is not really a good value card unless you are looking for the cheapest video card. If you can, look for the older HD 5770 for better price / performance; AMD added HDMI 1.4a and some other minor tweaks that will not make a difference to most people and just renamed the card to the HD 6770.
The HD 5830 is give very good performance for the price. The only problem is that it uses the same amount of power as the HD 5850 and is less powerful than the HD 6850.