The CPU determines the number of channels, not the number of sticks of RAM. Both the CPU and RAM's Frequency & CAS Timings are the determiners of performance.
That said, in synthetics you might see some differences based primarily on the RAM's IC's and the fact of two sticks per channel, but if the 4x4GB & 2x8GB have the same rated Frequency and CAS Timings the real world differences will be at most <1%.
The only reason to get 16GB or in particular 2x8GB is if you plan to do some form of 'Rendering.' For Gaming I'd recommend 2x4GB or 8GB of RAM assuming a 64-bit OS. My sole issue with 8GB/stick RAM on 'consumer' CPU's (non-ECC) kits is their error rates, and as the RAM's IC's become better so will the error rate become less. All RAM throws ~1-2 errors per month.