No.
The processor must match the motherboard socket type. Laptops motherboards have a different socket type to desktop motherboards.
Not to mention there are a number of different laptop and desktop socket types too. Common desktop sockets currently are socket 1155, socket 1136, socket 2011 along with AM3 and AM3+ for AMD CPUs's. As for laptops, i'm not too sure on the specific numbers, but they are different