Definite no. Not even through the bottlenecking expresscard slot.
But you can do that with the internal mini pcie, if you remove the wifi card (There is only one mini pcie slot in the laptop, the other one is not soldered with a connector).
Use a mini pcie to pcie x16 adapter (running at x1 speed) and connect a desktop GPU to it powered by ATX PSU with an external monitor. Effectively, you now have a low end desktop.
But who would go through so much work and spend so much money for minimum performance gain, so you are better off buying another laptop.
I think Geek Squard is going to change your mobo to one from an Inspiron 15r with a mobile GPU soldered on. The graphic card is an AMD Mobility HD 5470 which is nowhere near fast.