Oh you already have those parts - well that'd good, you'll be able to build a very decent pc.
For the gpu I would recommend getting a gtx 670 - it's pretty much the best gpu you can buy at the moment and it's cheaper than the likes of the 680 and 690, but still better. For reference visit:
http://www.videocardbenchmark.net/high_end_gpus.html and http://www.hwcompare.com/12501/geforce-gtx-670-vs-geforce-gtx-680/
The actual statistics prove the 680 to be a better card, although they are only theoretical and from what I've heard, the 670 is the way to go. A very good gtx 670 card is the EVGA FTW 2gb gtx 670 or an ASUS Gtx670 2gb. Both of these cards are none reference - the board layout differs slightly from nvidia's board layout. nVidia gtx670's are reference. If you want to watercool your graphics card, you must get a reference card if you want to get a full waterblock rather than just a universal processor cooling water block. A full waterblock provides cooling for the processor and vrm (ram on the graphics card which get notoriously hot), whereas the universal block cools only the processor. With non reference cards, you tend to get better cooling as manufactures will put their own heatsink on the card to keep temperatures down - the stock heatsink which nVidia provides is really worth replacing if you want to get the most out of your graphics card.
Next is the processor - an i7 is really the best processor you will get, forget amd as they are nowhere near the technology that intel is producing. A very good intel i7 processor is the i7 2600 or i7 2600k (Sandybridge - socket 1155) These are low end sandybridge processors and optimised for gaming. Alternatively, there is the i7-3820 (sandybridge-E - socket LGA 2011) The sandybridge-E is more expensive but you do get a better processor. If you really aren't too bothered about the processor and want to budget the money elsewhere - the ivy bridge range is definitely worth looking at - the i5 2500k can easily be overclocked to the performance of an i7 2600. If you have no desire to overclock, than go with an i7.
The next step is to choose the motherboard. You need to settle on which processor you want before you can choose a motherboard as different processors have different sockets and will only fit into a motherboard with a corresponding socket. Lets just assume than you are going to choose a processor which is socket 1155 - this encompasses both the sandybridge i7 (i7 2600/k) and the ivy bridge i5 (i5 2500k). Again, it depends on what you want to do with the computer - if you want to benchmark, you want something like an ASUS Maximum IV Extreme-Z or Gigabyte Z68X-UD7. These are generally unnecessary for most people - they tend to go with an ASUS P8Z68-V GEN3 - this will give you a reasonable overclock and use the chip's full potential. I would only go for Maximum or gigabyte if you are going to do some serious overclocking. More about the ASUS P8Z68-V GEN3 - it uses the Z68 Chipset, which has lots of advantages over other popular boards such as the sabertooth. It has usb 3.0, supports both quad-gpu SLI (nVidia) and CrossfireX (AMD) and offers a modest 32gb of ram between 4 ram slots.
Which brings us nicely onto ram. There is a lot of dispute over whether ram with heatspreaders on is better than ram without heatspreaders. Personally I think heatspreaders are there just to look cool and have little functionality - they aren't going to improve ram performance so its not worth spending extra money on it. I would go with Kingston's hyperX blu - by far the superior ram to any corsair vengeance. Get 16gb and you are good to go - if you plan on doing any photo/video editing, you need a minimum of 16gb.
Cooling. Cooling is going to be essential to getting the most out of your components and ensuring they don't die before their time. There are two options available for cooling: watercooling and air cooling. Both have their advantages and disadvantages: aircooling is not as efficient as watercooling but far less risky - you'll also find that you will have more space in your case if you choose watercooling over aircooling. In air cooling, massive heatsinks are required to dissipate heat - in watercooling you need a coolant (distilled water).
Aircooling: Air cooling is just a copper heatsink, which is usually nickel plated, with a fan attached to the top. Depending on the design, some will cool better than others and some fans are more efficient at churning away the hot air. Aircooling is relatively cheap - all that is required is the heatsink and fan.
Watercooling: A lot can go wrong with watercooling, but it is far superior at cooling than anything else (except liquid nitrogen). Watercooling can be split into two sub catagories: All in one water-cooling loops and A custom water-cooling loop. I wouldn't recommend building a custom loop if you're an amateur - but if you have plans to do so in the future, be sure to buy a reference graphics card. I'm going to focus on the All in one loop (AIO), as it is more likely that you will consider this.
For a watercooling loop, you need the following: a radiator, a graphics card block/cpu block, a reservoir, a pump, tubing and fittings. An AIO watercooler has all of this condensed into a single pre-assembled, easy to install loop. This is desired watercooling for those who have absolutely no desire to build their own loop. Upshot is that AIO can possibly leak, but usually only if you cut the pipes or get them caught on heatsinks.
Go with a corsair h100 or h80 because of superior cooling.
As for the psu - go for modular, corsair and certified 80 plus. Probably 750W + would do it - if you are considering adding more gpu's (SLi or crossfire - go for more than 750W).
As for the case, that's something that's more personal preference then anything.
Hope this helps!