Welcome, congrats on beginning your first build
. That's a solid list, but here are my recommendations:
PCPartPicker part list /
Price breakdown by merchant /
Benchmarks
CPU: Intel Core i5-3570K 3.4GHz Quad-Core Processor ($229.99 @ Newegg)
CPU Cooler: Cooler Master Hyper 212 EVO 82.9 CFM Sleeve Bearing CPU Cooler ($29.99 @ Newegg)
Motherboard: ASRock Z77 Extreme4 ATX LGA1155 Motherboard ($134.99 @ Newegg)
Memory: Kingston HyperX 8GB (2 x 4GB) DDR3-1600 Memory ($39.99 @ Newegg)
Notes: I prefer Kingston because they have the lowest return rates of memory manufacturers. Also, 16GB is overkill for gaming, I use 8GB myself and can't use it all. Maybe some demanding compiling could benefit from 16GB, I'm not sure.
Storage: Western Digital Caviar Blue 500GB 3.5" 7200RPM Internal Hard Drive ($69.99 @ Newegg)
Notes: Green hard drives are designed to be accessed less frequently: they stop spinning after a smaller interval of time, so regularly accessing data means that the drive is constantly revving up from a stopped position, which puts more strain on the drive which really affects its lifespan. Even if it won't be your boot drive, I still recommend a caviar blue instead (you can go with a black if you want a bit more speed, or choose a different capacity to best suit you).
Storage: Samsung 830 Series 128GB 2.5" Solid State Disk ($119.99 @ Newegg)
Notes: With your budget, it would be a small crime not to have a SSD as your boot drive (and a few games/other programs). The 830 series is on my shortlist because it has very good performance and is one of the most reliable SSDs you can go for (they're all fast; reliability is the big differentiator, especially for your boot drive).
Video Card: EVGA GeForce GTX 560 1GB Video Card ($129.99 @ Newegg)
Notes: This was a downgrade, but it's still a very capable card. I don't know exactly what games you're aiming for at what settings, but you can play Starcraft 2 and Battlefield 3 etc. at max settings with this card no problem. I consider this to be the "sweet spot" of price/performance right now, you pay a premium on the extreme high end cards.
Here's the hierarchy chart, the 560 isn't all that far from the 670, you're still firmly in the upper-middle or low-high end range. This card will last you probably 2 years at least, at which point you can buy the "sweet spot" upper-midrange card available at that time and save a lot of money in the long term (much more cost efficient than buying a 670 now).
Case: Corsair 500R Black ATX Mid Tower Case ($139.98 @ Newegg)
Notes: A good choice for a new builder, Corsair's cases have a reputation for being easy to work with.
Power Supply: SeaSonic 650W 80 PLUS Gold Certified ATX12V / EPS12V Power Supply ($109.99 @ Newegg)
Notes: So, the PSU you choose before is okay. It uses Taiwanese capacitors (you want Japanese for more reliability) is a bit noisier, and isn't even bronze efficiency certified (
here's an explanation of the different certifications), but is otherwise not bad.
I really recommend this Seasonic unit instead, though, for a few reasons. Firstly it's fully modular, meaning you don't have the traditional mass of cables hanging out the back that you have to diligently cable-tie (or unceremoniously stuff) in your case somewhere. It's a lot less work and doesn't block airflow as much (for better cooling). Just one less thing to worry about for a new builder. Secondly the build quality is superior, so you're getting some better long-term reliability and also the third reason: better efficiency. Depending how much you use your computer, you'll probably save at least $5-10 a year in electricity with a gold efficiency rated unit, and you generally want to stick with your PSU through the life of the computer (unlike GPUs etc. it doesn't need to be upgraded unless it blows up or something, which can happen if you cheap out with a $20 PSU). The warranty is also 5 years versus 3 on the Rosewill.
Monitor: Asus VE247H 23.6" Monitor ($178.98 @ Newegg)
I have a 23" myself and love it. Good choice
Operating System: Microsoft Windows 7 Home Premium SP1 (64-bit) ($99.99 @ Newegg)
Total: $1283.87
(Prices include shipping, taxes, and discounts when available.)
So this leaves you at the lower end of your budget with reliable parts, a SSD, and a solid GPU. You can save the extra money for possible upgrades down the road, look at a bigger monitor, or even go for a higher end graphics card. Let me know what you think!