I couldn't tell you the exact time that it will take a hard drive to show a file or application. That would have to much to do with the computer as a whole and not just the hard drive.
The access time of a hard drives relys a lot on how fast the rotation of the drive is. If you have a 5400 drive it will be slower then a 7200. If you have a 7200 it will be slower then a 15,000.
Depending on what you are going to be using this hard drive for you have a few options to choose from. You could do IDE, IDE-RAID, SCSI, or SCSI-RAID. That's from cheapest to most expensive.
<font color=red>People and hard drives are like bandwagon fans and sports!</font color=red>