expectation effects and smell

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Steven Sullivan wrote:
> Abstract from
> Neuron, May 19, 2005: 46 (4) p.671
>
> http://www.neuron.org/content/current
>
> Cognitive Modulation of Olfactory Processing
> Ivan E. de Araujo, Edmund T. Rolls, Maria Inés Velazco, Christian
> Margot, and Isabelle Cayeux
>
> "We showed how cognitive, semantic information modulates olfactory
> representations in the brain by providing a visual word descriptor,
> “cheddar cheese� or “body odor,� during the delivery of a test
> odor (isovaleric acid with cheddar cheese flavor) and also during the
> delivery of clean air. Clean air labeled “air� was used as a
> control. Subjects rated the affective value of the test odor as
> significantly more unpleasant when labeled “body odor� than when
> labeled “cheddar cheese.� In an event-related fMRI design, we
> showed that the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)/medial
> orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) was significantly more activated by the
> test stimulus and by clean air when labeled “cheddar cheese� than
> when labeled “body odor,� and the activations were correlated
> with the pleasantness ratings. This cognitive modulation was also
> found for the test odor (but not for the clean air) in the amygdala
> bilaterally."

So when it is like this, please wash your feet more regularly and use a deo.
Ask a Japonese how we westerners smell, eating all those fermented milk
products like cheddar. Just disgusting.
--
ciao Ban
Bordighera, Italy

Archived from groups: rec.audio.high-end (More info?)

Ban <bansuri@web.de> wrote:
> Steven Sullivan wrote:
> > Abstract from
> > Neuron, May 19, 2005: 46 (4) p.671
> >
> > http://www.neuron.org/content/current
> >
> > Cognitive Modulation of Olfactory Processing
> > Ivan E. de Araujo, Edmund T. Rolls, Maria In??s Velazco, Christian
> > Margot, and Isabelle Cayeux
> >
> > "We showed how cognitive, semantic information modulates olfactory
> > representations in the brain by providing a visual word descriptor,
> > ???cheddar cheese??? or ???body odor,??? during the delivery of a test
> > odor (isovaleric acid with cheddar cheese flavor) and also during the
> > delivery of clean air. Clean air labeled ???air??? was used as a
> > control. Subjects rated the affective value of the test odor as
> > significantly more unpleasant when labeled ???body odor??? than when
> > labeled ???cheddar cheese.??? In an event-related fMRI design, we
> > showed that the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)/medial
> > orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) was significantly more activated by the
> > test stimulus and by clean air when labeled ???cheddar cheese??? than
> > when labeled ???body odor,??? and the activations were correlated
> > with the pleasantness ratings. This cognitive modulation was also
> > found for the test odor (but not for the clean air) in the amygdala
> > bilaterally."

> So when it is like this, please wash your feet more regularly and use a deo.
> Ask a Japonese how we westerners smell, eating all those fermented milk
> products like cheddar. Just disgusting.


Actaully, this work suggests that *belief* that Westerners
smell bad , could have as much or more effect on Japanese perception, as
an actual smell.