Very strange infection

I'm encountering an extremely strange issue on my desktop. I keep getting SSL errors when ever I try to go to google.com, gmail.com or dozens of other sites on google chrome. The exact error is "The site's security certificate is signed using a weak signature algorithm". I can't reach the site at all.

Windows Update service is also not running and doesn't even show up in "services.msc". I get this error "Windows update cannot currently check for updates because the service is not running. You may need to restart your computer". Obviously restarting doesn't help. I also got a similar error for Microsoft Security Essentials, and it wouldn't run at all so I uninstalled it.

MSI Afterburner also gives me an error when I start it up about how I need to restart to properly detect my hard ware, but I didn't do that before and I tried restarting with that as well.

I've run many, many, scans to detect trojans, viruses, and spyware using AVG Free, Spybot Search and Destroy, Malware Bytes, Spyware Doctor, Kapernsky's Rootkit tool. AVG, and Malware Bytes both turned up and deleted some basic malware & spyware. The others can't detect anything. What's going on?