Harman Kardon T65C need preamp?

so i've had a crappy turntable for years and it more or less stopped working ...

a friend of my parents gave me his old one, a harman/kardon T65C

it didn't have a needle, so i managed to order one that fit it, install it and hooked it up ...

it's really, really quiet and there's some hissing that is not coming from the record (it's there even when the record is not playing)

so my question is do i need something like a pre-amp for this? is it because my receiver doesn't have a "phono" input and i'm using the tape input? something else?

it's a great turntable and i'd love to get it to work properly ...

thanks!