I'm not sure if that jack is meant to work with a standard mic. They're usually used with headset/mic combos. Does the plug on the mic look exactly like a normal headphone plug? 3.5mm, 3 metal sections separated by 2 plastic collars? If so, it might be reading that mic as a pair of headphones/speakers instead. The combo devices have 4 sections and 3 separators. If you go into your recording devices, does it detect as a microphone?
Some companies sell adapters for that combo jack, which split into separate headphone and microphone jacks, but they don't seem to work for everyone.