My best guess after experiencing this since literally the beginning of installing Windows 10 from the beginning, is that it would appear to be not an error, bug, or malware but a "feature" in the form of wasteful hardware acceleration. Application Frame Host (hereafter AFH) appears to be related to Windows Store and Windows apps, including the basic apps that are installed on Windows 10 like calculator. It restarts itself regardless of whether you use any apps. There doesn't appear to be any action required for it to restart itself. There doesn't appear to be any task or service scheduling that is associated with this process starting.
Does anyone else have information about this? Please post even just to say if you've experienced it, it's very strange to me that so few people have noticed it. I've been scouring for months and only just now are results starting to come up on Google of other people having this issue. This post and another one on the MBAM forums for instance. Everyone I see reporting it says they are malware free and I believe them because I have personally gone through the process with my own computer and found it to be the same. I've also confirmed from multiple other people online and off that it happens no matter what software is running. Even when we have our computers is a true idle state with no background programs or processes running besides those that are vital to the operating system, AFH is raising our GPU's core and memory clocks to max, and raising temperature.
For me it's a not-insignificant difference in temperature. My actual idle temperature is 28 C. When AFH comes on and runs for awhile in the background, my GPU temperature goes up to 40 C. Seriously, 12 C to do what? It may sound petty, but I like for my computer to actually idle, and making my GPU do this inevitably means more fans and thus more noise just for it to sit and do nothing. There are actually games that use less of my graphics card than AFH does.
I can kill AFH.exe, and then not use my computer at all, and come back some 15-30 minutes later and find that AFH has restarted itself, raised my clocks, and temperature with it. This leads me to believe it doesn't come from using Windows Store apps, or in fact using anything.
I have not been able to find any setting in Windows 10 that stops this from happening and I've really run through the OS thoroughly.
Computer specs are i7-4790K, GTX 1070 (MSI Gaming X), 8 GB DDR3, 550 W PSU (Corsair CS550M). Driver versions (in particular display driver version) and Windows update status appear to be irrelevant as the issue has persisted across multiple driver versions/updates, multiple Windows installs, and Windows updates (which we don't even get to choose anymore anyways.)