Depends. Because of the CF. There is still some mediocre support for CF in DX11 titles, but the amount of support varies from game to game and is non-existent in DX12, so you are basically just running a single gpu there.
For a single 280x, a gtx1070 would be a good upgrade single card. A gtx1080 is a very good single card upgrade, blowing away single 280x results, but might still be lower than what the CF can pull in certain games. Only a gtx1080ti can pretty much top any single or CF usage.
So the upgrade is kinda dependent on just what gets sacrificed, all around good with some losses, all around better with fewer losses, all around best with next to no losses.