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Selling Lawsuits AMD Vs Intel

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JPForums wrote :

Don't know for sure, but I'll speculate a little on the subject:
The Phenom die is quite large. Fabrication 101 tells us that larger dies are more prone to product defects. (Hence Phenom X3)

Not all flaws render a CPU useless, though. For instance, if you have a bunch of parallel transistors and one has a defect, the functionality is still there. However, you won't be able to source as much current. If this transistor set is driving a large capacitive load, then it won't be able to drive it as quickly. Now if you assume it is in the critical path, then you have to lower the overall clock speed to make up for it.

Phenoms obviously have the potential to run at faster speeds. Preproduction samples broke the 3GHz barrier. AMD just can't get high enough yields at this speed to market it.

Which brings me to what I suspect is the real reason Phenom was late. While AMD's 90nm SOI process is perhaps the best 90nm fab process available, there 65nm process has been poor enough that the top of the line X2s are still using the older process (Even though the smaller process is cheaper). AMD couldn't release Phenom on 90nm SOI due to its size, so they had to wait until they got the 65nm process working better. If AMD had the resources to fab it, a dual core Phenom (minus the shared L3 Cache) might help them out. The die would be small enough to get proper yields and we'd probably see 3+ GHz models.
(Remember, all speculation)

Most of the advantage of core and processor interlink technologies (I.E. Hyper-Transport) comes into play when a massive number of processor are working in parallel and need to access each others' caches and memories frequently. This is why AMD is still very good at supercomputing and corporate databasing.

Consumer applications, however, don't take advantage of these interconnects the way super computing would. Moreover, consumer motherboards (and chipsets) don't really make good use of the added HT speed. This is partly AMD's fault for designing AM2+ to be backwards compatible with AM2. The result is the motherboard manufacturers don't put enough on the consumer boards to use the higher bandwidth (Phenom) bus for fear that it will be a big problem for people that use processors with the lower bandwidth (X2) links (The majority of AMD users). Thankfully, for the average consumer or even hardcore gamer, this doesn't make a difference. Therefore, it makes sense that AMD could increase yields in the consumer sector by slowing down or disabling unnecessary links.

Further circuitry disabling is certainly possible, though I'd suspect in the CPU case it is mostly limited to cache.
Advanced GPUs (ATI and nVidia) make heavy use of circuitry disabling to increase yields. GPU dies are much larger than CPU dies. However, the processes they use are subject to the same probability of failure as CPUs. Fortunately, the massively parallel nature of the GPU architecture makes it trivially easy to swap circuitry. Therefore, GPUs are designed with more units than they actually need. This keeps the manufacturer from throwing away the vast majority of chips due to the near certainty that at least one major flaw will be present in a die that large. They just multiplex in the units that work until they reach their target number. When the process matures, you have cases like the Radeon 9500 where you can update its bios to use the disabled parts and essentially turn it into a Radeon 9700. (Older card, but illustrates my point)

I should mention, the HD2900XT was also late due to process problems. It has far more units than it actually uses. ATI admitted as much when they release the HD3xxx series. The number of flaws in the die also kept it from performing as it could have as well. Since they don't use fully complimentary logic, most of the "disabled" units still have a static power draw. They almost certainly used dynamic logic, making this static power draw significant. This drives up power consumption and heat (which hinders core clock speed).

That all said, it is rather non-trivial to swap circuitry that isn't parallel in nature (I.E. the CPU).

As far as cache goes, the cache latency was bound to go up as they were making design changes that would allow a larger cache to be implemented. Unfortunately, this was a future proofing move as the cache size of the X2s never really saw the large increase required to justify the new circuitry.

--Rant--
Since the K8 architecture made its debut, AMD has targeted corporations first and consumers second. This worked well when Intel used the same design in all markets as well. However, when the Core architecture arrived, they had three distinct flavors. AMD is competing well with the server/workstation oriented models, but the desktop and mobile models are beyond AMD's reach with a single design approach.

A similar situation can be seen with ATI since the merger. You see a lot of coverage that shows nVidia dominance in the consumer market. However, you don't hear quite as much about the fact that for the first time ever, ATI rules the workstation graphics market. Here's the kicker, it's the same HD2900XT vs 8800GTX battle that failed miserably in the desktop market. The ATI chip just seems to excel at workstation disciplines.
--End Rant--

So after much speculation and ranting, I've come to the conclusion that AMD's architectures are not necessarily inferior to Intel's. They simply aren't targeted to the consumer market. Process issues have kept them from being dominant in their true target market. Perhaps spinning off the fab capabilities into a separate company will be a good move. Then they can try to cut a deal with IBM and use their process technology. After all, IBM is the reason AMD had such a good 90nm process. Again, less money in lawsuits and more money in R&D would help solve this dilemma as they would be better able to specialize chips for their intended markets the way Intel recently has.




I know that the architecture of the AMD Phenoms is better than Intel as it is a true Quad Core where Intel is a Dual Core doubled up, but Intels model just seems to work alot better.....

Ok so It is now said that there server market is where AMD should be, their processor to processor communication is better with hypertransport but so what... the "consumer" market buys more processors than the professional market as this is where AMD would get them some much needed cash.

Remember most people who buy machines at the office are home enthusiasts too.

Now we all know the Phenom has had more misses than hits, but surely these should of been sorted out well before it being released, this surely wasnt rushed out like Hellgate London for example on a processor that can litrally make or break a company.

AMD needed a cash donation which for a while and still has been bleeding fast from one of its jugulars.
AMD blame it down to the ATI aqusition, what makes me wonder is how AMD can make such mistakes..

All I can say it is down to the complete incompetence of the current management team....

It had taken over a year of Core 2 Duo to be available for the Phenom to be released.... Know and only now have there been technical issues with motherboards which dont work well with high end Phenoms and the lower ones dont make much more benefits than the unfortunate out going x2 processors...

Yes the technology maybe better but its how it is executed that makes the difference and AMD has certainly executed the release of this processor...

The best bit is to give us a tri core based on a fact that its a messed up quad core, I mean come on.. Who would want that really a duff cored chip..Whats stopping the third, or second core packing up... Mmm seems reliable

Will Deneb be any better, well its not that AMD can wow us with trust - is it, I mean you have to earn respect and not get lucky like they did with the Athlon 64's... And what they have done of as late is hardly been trustworthy.



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turpit wrote :

Whoa the Reynod. You can cut that stuff right out.....youre starting to sound a lot like TC...a disgruntled AMD fan, which is a pretty amazing swing. From Baron to TC in a week. Thats got to be a record for a loss of AMD faith.




Welcome to the digruntled AMD fan club! I think Baron will be joining us soon enough, his internet-wide silence seems to be a start. Sharikou will always be an AMD lover no matter what AMD does.


I just worry that we'll soon be mentioning AMD and VIA in the same subjects rather than AMD and Intel.


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Well I disagree in part there.

Core2 is a wider issue cpu and has a much faster cache and prefetch system ... though it is little communication constrained beyond 2 core interconnects.

Though it might be bandwidth limited beyond 2 sockets it motors along in a single socket and dual socket environment ... almost oblivious to the restrictions of the fsb because of its superior prefetch / cache design.

AMD's Barcelona architecture is designed from the ground up as a multisocket server cpu ... It scales well but does not have the IPC of core2 ... even against the lower end models with smaller cache.

Therein lies the rub.

Add Intel's superior process technology (transistor design) that gives it the edge in speed and now power ...

Take AMD's die complexity ... 4 core real estate problems coupled with inferior process and manufacturing at 65nm ...

End result is where we are now.

AMD should not have thrown so much energy at one project ... too much is riding on it.

They should have done a dual core first ...

If they wanted to compete better in the single socket enthusiast market.

So I ask ... given the above ... did they intend too ??

Well their bragging prior to the launch suggests yes ... they did.

So either they were deluded or something went horribly wrong between tape out and final silicon ... the process most likely failed them.

But I could be dribbling ... it is late ... and I have been known to dribble after too much koolaid ... er ambrosia.

It will be all over bar the shouting if Nehalem is as good as the Koolaid AMD fed us before.

Unless some AMD engineer pulls a rabbit out of a rather worn hat ... or AMD corners the market on processed Hafnium ... heh heh.


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Reynod, those are pretty fair statements.


Unfortunatly anytime AMD develops a new arch it is "all-in". If they don't have a winning hand, they're out of the game.

Intel is in a position that they don't have to go "all-in". Hell, look at the later days of P4. They made a mistake with those Preshott spaceheaters, but they have the capital that they were able to survive (and actually profit) during those times.

I just am so concerned about AMD's financial situation. I hope AMD shareholders understand what preferred stock VS. common stock is.


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Up 15%? Thats what I heard, while everything else is tanking, maybe theres hope yet? maybe.... OK Ill wait til tommorrow when it tanks too


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http://www.anandtech.com/weblog/showpost.aspx?i=443

Anand's been mulling over K10's performance beyond single socket ... blogging away.

Its a server chip ... thanks ... I think we figured that out reading the other review months ago.

nuf said.


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I found this to be a very interesting graph. Not a roadmap that we typically see or discuss:

http://images.anandtech.com/iblog/ITgeneral/intelsupply.jpg


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jimmysmitty wrote :


JPForums here is a quick question for you then. Could it be possible that these defects in a chip still draw power? Take the Phenom X3 for example. I have seen benchmarks showing it using close to the same power as a X4 that is equal in speed.

So it could be possible that these slight defects stopping Phenom from clocking higher could still be causing a draw on power or even leakage and giving it a higher TDP and run hotter.



Yes, these defects likely still draw power causing the X3 chips to be less efficient and reducing the thermal headroom they have to work with. It is certainly possible that AMD will use more aggressive clock gating, rail shutdown techniques, etc. to get this under control. It could even happen in new stepping. Though, I would suspect AMD will be more focused on the newer cores coming out later this year as well as making a quicker transition to 45nm.

Harry-Plopper wrote :

... the "consumer" market buys more processors than the professional market as this is where AMD would get them some much needed cash.



Actually, it is the professional market that brings in the most revenues.

Harry-Plopper wrote :


AMD blame it down to the ATI aqusition, what makes me wonder is how AMD can make such mistakes..

All I can say it is down to the complete incompetence of the current management team....



If AMD had to sacrifice Phenom to get ATI, then that is their fault. So what they are really saying when they blame ATI is that they made a mistake. Whether that mistake was sheer incompetence or in part a bad gamble, I can't say. However, it is clear that AMD didn't anticipate or even plan for their current situation when they bought ATI. That, at the very least, can be blamed on management.

Harry-Plopper wrote :

Yes the technology maybe better but its how it is executed that makes the difference and AMD has certainly executed the release of this processor...



Precisely. AMD had a good technology and a good roadmap to the future. Unfortunately, they haven't done a very good job executing it (at least in the desktop market).

Harry-Plopper wrote :

Will Deneb be any better, well its not that AMD can wow us with trust - is it, I mean you have to earn respect and not get lucky like they did with the Athlon 64's... And what they have done of as late is hardly been trustworthy.



Deneb will probably be better. After all, Phenom is better than the X2's overall. Will it put AMD back on top in the desktop market? Not likely. Many of the changes seem geared, once again, towards the server/workstation market. It is possible that Deneb will make AMD more competitive in the Mid-High end desktop market, but I doubt they'll get to the High end unless Intel botches Nahalem.

Their main goal after the acquisition of ATI was Bulldozer. Everything between here and there are stepping stones. If they land on a bad stone, they'll just move on to the next one as quickly as possible. In other words, they'll try to fix the mistakes before the bulldozer launch, but I wouldn't expect them to spend any more time than necessary fixing the current chips (I.E. fewer steppings in favor of design progression). If they can execute bulldozer properly, though, then the gamble will have paid off.

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Actually, it is the professional market that brings in the most revenues.

edit: I miss typed. The professional market has higher margins and thus higher net profit. Revenues are actually much higher in the desktop/notebook space.

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Harry-Plopper wrote :

The best bit is to give us a tri core based on a fact that its a messed up quad core, I mean come on.. Who would want that really a duff cored chip..Whats stopping the third, or second core packing up... Mmm seems reliable



All silicon wafers have defects; when a core doesn't work, it's generally because some transistors on that core were built on top of a silicon defect. So long as it's properly disabled and the rest of the chip is properly tested, there's really zero impact on the reliability of other cores on the chip; I suppose you could have some thermal issues if one quarter of the CPU isn't producing any heat while the rest is producting a lot, but I'm sure they've spent time evaluating those.

As mentioned above, some mid-range and low-end GPUs are actually faster GPUs which failed the production tests and had the defective units disabled; similarly, cheap RAM is often built from defective RAM chips with the defective parts disabled. Doesn't seem to have caused any significant reliability problems there.

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We have only a few days before Intel has to come in with their email . Will there be anything incriminating? Will there be gaps? And if so, will those gaps in themselves be incriminating?


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Or will the spaces between the gaps ... oh ... never mind.


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