FAA to eliminate floppy disks used in air traffic control systems - Windows 95 also being phased out

Airport
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The head of the Federal Aviation Administration just outlined an ambitious goal to upgrade the U.S.’s air traffic control (ATC) system and bring it into the 21st century. According to NPR, most ATC towers and other facilities today feel like they’re stuck in the 20th century, with controllers using paper strips and floppy disks to transfer data, while their computers run Windows 95. While this likely saved them from the disastrous CrowdStrike outage that had a massive global impact, their age is a major risk to the nation’s critical infrastructure, with the FAA itself saying that the current state of its hardware is unsustainable.

“The whole idea is to replace the system. No more floppy disks or paper strips,” acting FAA administrator Chris Rocheleau told the House Appropriations Committee last Wednesday. Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy also said earlier this week,” This is the most important infrastructure project that we’ve had in this country for decades. Everyone agrees — this is non-partisan. Everyone knows we have to do it.” 

The aviation industry put up a coalition pushing for ATC modernization called Modern Skies, and it even ran an ad telling us that ATC is still using floppy disks and several older technologies to keep our skies safe.

Modern Skies - The Time for Change is NOW - YouTube Modern Skies - The Time for Change is NOW - YouTube
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Unfortunately, upgrading the ATC system isn’t as simple as popping into your nearby Micro Center and buying the latest and greatest gaming PC. First and foremost, some systems can never be shut down because it is crucial for safety. Because of this, you can’t just switch off one site to swap out ancient components for newer ones. Aside from that, the upgrades to this critical infrastructure should be resistant to hacking and other vulnerabilities, as even a single breach could cripple the nation, costing time, money, and lives.

The FAA is pouring a lot of money into maintaining its old ATC systems, as they have to keep running 24/7. Nevertheless, age will eventually catch up no matter how much repair, upkeep, or overhaul you do. Currently, the White House hasn’t said what this update will cost. The FAA has already put out a Request For Information to gather data from companies willing to take on the challenge of upgrading the entire system. It also announced several ‘Industry Days’ so companies can pitch their tech and ideas to the Transportation Department.

Duffy said that the Transportation Department aims to complete the project within four years. However, industry experts say this timeline is unrealistic. No matter how long it takes, it’s high time that the FAA upgrades the U.S.’s ATC system today after decades of neglect.

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Jowi Morales
Contributing Writer

Jowi Morales is a tech enthusiast with years of experience working in the industry. He’s been writing with several tech publications since 2021, where he’s been interested in tech hardware and consumer electronics.

  • Konomi
    Goodbye Win95. Hello 98 SE. Or perhaps ME if the budget allows for the upgrade.
    Reply
  • JeffreyP55
    Konomi said:
    Goodbye Win95. Hello 98 SE. Or perhaps ME if the budget allows for the upgrade.
    Bring back Windows 7. Maybe Windows 2000 (NT4).
    NT and XP have USB support. Oh yea!!! :)
    Reply
  • thestryker
    Old hardware is the least of the concerns regarding flight control. Hiring more air traffic controllers, working on better retention and fixing up facilities would go a lot further than this will. If only they'd start doing that immediately while designing a plan for replacing the hardware (which absolutely needs to be done, but cannot be done quickly).
    Reply
  • lorfa
    John Oliver was just talking about this. Wild. You'd think they'd be running openBSD or somet
    Reply
  • USAFRet
    lorfa said:
    John Oliver was just talking about this. Wild. You'd think they'd be running openBSD or somet
    Why OpenBSD?

    Large parts of the govt and DoD are run on "OMG the evil windows".
    It is more than just the OS, but ALL the applications.
    Reply
  • ejolson
    Since Windows 95 is much simpler than Windows 11, it is much easier to verify when it is working as intended.

    From my point of view air traffic control is a specialised enough application domain that compatibility with general-purpose Windows software is irrelevant. At the same time reliability and security are important enough that an auditable and independently maintainable software stack becomes a necessary.

    For these reasons building a new system on OpenBSD sounds somehow reasonable. At the same time, there are hard real-time requirements that likely preclude the use of any Unix-like operating system as well as any modern version of Windows.
    Reply
  • USAFRet
    ejolson said:
    Since Windows 95 is much simpler than Windows 11, it is much easier to verify when it is working as intended.

    From my point of view air traffic control is a specialised enough application domain that compatibility with general-purpose Windows software is irrelevant. At the same time reliability and security are important enough that an auditable and independently maintainable software stack becomes a necessary.

    For these reasons building a new system on OpenBSD sounds somehow reasonable. At the same time, there are hard real-time requirements that likely preclude the use of any Unix-like operating system as well as any modern version of Windows.
    And currently, large swathes of the US DoD are currently running or in the process of upgrading to Win 11.
    The Win 11 the run is not the same Win11 as what is on your desktop.
    Reply
  • blppt
    USAFRet said:
    Why OpenBSD?

    Large parts of the govt and DoD are run on "OMG the evil windows".
    It is more than just the OS, but ALL the applications.
    Its not that Windows is evil, the 9x kernel is a kludge, and not exactly known for stability.
    Reply
  • Notton
    Waiting for the day Win11 copilot causes an incident for the overworked ATC personnel.
    Possible system deviation, write down a number to call.
    Reply
  • USAFRet
    blppt said:
    Its not that Windows is evil, the 9x kernel is a kludge, and not exactly known for stability.
    Properly configured, stable enough for large parts of the DoD.
    Reply