Kioxia has introduced a solid-state drive with an unprecedented storage capacity of 245.76TB, currently the highest-capacity storage device available. The company positions its LC9 drive for applications that benefit from maximum storage density, such as AI training and hyperscale workloads. Remarkably, the company has managed to cram 8TB of storage capacity into a single NAND package —a record that enables the construction of such a hefty SSD using multiple ultra-high-capacity packages. To give some perspective on the sheer amount of storage, assuming a heavily compressed 20GB size for a 4K movie, the Kioxia drive could store an astounding 12,500 movies per device.
The Kioxia LC9 is based on an unknown proprietary NVMe 2.0-compliant controller with a PCIe 5.0 x4 interface (with dual-port capability) as well as Kioxia's BiCS8 2Tb 3D QLC NAND memory devices. To enable a 245.76TB capacity in an E3.L form-factor, Kioxia had to package 32 memory devices into a single chip (8TB of storage space) and then attach those chips to the controller. This packaging sets a new record for density and uses the company's proprietary methods for wafer processing and assembly, according to Kioxia.
Performance-wise, the drive delivers sequential read speeds of up to 12 GB/s and write speeds of up to 3 GB/s. This isn't the highest performance for an enterprise PCIe 5.0 SSD, but there's an obvious tradeoff between capacity and performance. At the end of the day, ensuring signal integrity in a 32-Hi 3D NAND package is a big deal, so it is not surprising that it is achieved by sacrificing interface speed.
For random operations, the SSD achieves up to 1.3 million IOPS for reads and 50,000 IOPS for writes, which is again not particularly impressive, but the LC9 is clearly designed for capacity rather than performance.
As for endurance, the Kioxia L9 drives are rated at 0.3 drive writes per day (DWPD), which again reflects a balance between capacity and longevity for data center usage patterns.
The product incorporates multiple features to improve reliability and protect data, including die-level recovery, parity-based error management, and safeguards against sudden power loss. It also includes support for Flexible Data Placement, which reduces internal write amplification and extends the usable lifespan, especially in database-driven applications.
Security options include encryption and firmware signing compliant with CNSA 2.0 standards. The drive supports multiple encryption modes, including AES-256 encryption and algorithms prepared for post-quantum cryptography.
Kioxia plans to offer its L9 drives in multiple form factors, including a 2.5-inch U.2 (up to 122.88TB), E3.S (up to 122.88TB), and E.3L (up to 245.76TB). The company did not disclose pricing of these drives as they will be sold primarily to large hyperscale data center companies, and exact quotes will depend on volumes and other factors.
The LC9 series is currently being sampled to select partners and will be featured at the Future of Memory and Storage conference in August 2025.
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