GPU Benchmarks and Hierarchy 2021: Graphics Cards Ranked

Our GPU benchmarks hierarchy ranks all the current and previous generation graphics cards by performance, including all of the best graphics cards. Whether it's playing games or doing high-end creative work like 4K video editing, your graphics card typically plays the biggest role in determining performance, and even the best gaming CPUs take a second role.

The following table sorts everything solely by our performance-based GPU gaming benchmarks. We have a separate article that lists the best graphics cards, which looks at all factors, including price, graphics card power consumption, and overall efficiency. In this latest edition, we've updated the tables and charts with results from the newly launched GeForce RTX 3060 12GB — and we're now awaiting AMD's Radeon RX 6700 XT, which should arrive later this month.

If you're looking for a good deal on a graphics card right now, unfortunately it's still all bad news. Component shortages on GPUs, VRAM, substrates, and other essential parts of modern graphics cards mean you'll be lucky to find the card you want at all, never mind finding it at a good price. Plus, despite declining profitability, Ethereum mining and other cryptocurrency shenanigans continue to make waves, driving up prices on all current and previous generation graphics cards. Our GPU pricing index covers that topic in more detail, and it's depressing to see eBay scalpers charging double or triple the launch prices.

Prices do appear to have crested in the past two weeks and are now trending downward. However, it will take some time before GPUs approach anything remotely close to normalcy. Best-case is that it could happen in the second half of the year, but more likely the shortages are going to last all year.

To help you decide which graphics card you need, we've created this GPU benchmarks hierarchy consisting of dozens of GPUs from the past four generations of hardware. Everything is ranked from fastest to slowest, using the results from our test suite consisting of nine games for our GPU benchmarks, running at 'medium' and 'ultra' settings with resolutions of 1080p, 1440p, and 4K. For comparison purposes, the fastest card, based on the combination of all nine GPU benchmarks, three resolutions, and two settings, gets normalized to 100 percent, and all others are graded relative to it.

The arrival of Nvidia's Ampere architecture and the GeForce RTX 3090, GeForce RTX 3080, GeForce RTX 3070, GeForce RTX 3060 Ti, and GeForce RTX 3060 12GB shook up the top half of the GPU benchmark hierarchy. AMD's Big Navi and the Radeon RX 6800 XT, RX 6800, and Radeon RX 6900 XT caused a similar upheaval in rankings. At present, seven of the ten highest performance GPUs use either Ampere or RDNA2 — and of the three previous gen GPUs, two are Titan cards that don't really count.

Of course it's not just about playing games. Many applications use the GPU for other work, and we've covered some professional GPU benchmarks in our RTX 3090 review. But a good graphics card for gaming will typically do equally well in complex GPU computational workloads. Buy one of the top cards and you'll can run games at high resolutions and frame rates with the effects turned all the way up, and you'll be able to do content creation work equally well. Drop down to the middle and lower portions of the list and you'll need to start dialing down the settings to get acceptable performance in regular game play and GPU benchmarks. And integrated graphics ... well, we've tested that as well, and the results aren't pretty. (See the very bottom of the list for those entries.)

It's important to note that all of the games and settings we're using for testing have to conform to the lowest common denominator. That means ray tracing and proprietary tech like Nvidia's DLSS aren't enabled, even where they're supported. You can check our most recent DXR benchmark results in the RX 6900 XT review at the bottom of the article (search for "ray tracing"), but those scores aren't factored into the rankings. The short summary: Nvidia is faster at RT, and DLSS provides a significant boost to performance for a minimal loss in image quality.

If your main goal is gaming, you can't forget about the CPU. Getting the best possible gaming GPU won't help you much if your CPU is under-powered and/or out of date. So be sure to check out the Best Gaming CPUs page, as well as our CPU Benchmarks Hierarchy to make sure you have the right CPU for the level of gaming you're looking to achieve.

GPU Ranking

GPU Benchmarks: Which Cards Ranked Highest?

The Nvidia GeForce RTX 3090 takes top honors for raw performance, with a composite score of 152.7 fps across all 54 tests. That's the 100% mark, though it's worth noting that it also scored 98.7 fps at 4K ultra. It's nominally a $1,500 graphics card, which is out of reach of most gamers, but current shortages have rocketed pricing up to the $2,500–$3,000 range. So much for "less than Titan" affordability.

Not too far behind the 3090 are the Radeon RX 6900 XT, Radeon RX 6800 XT, and GeForce RTX 3080, theoretically priced at $1,000, $650 and $700, respectively (good luck finding any of those in stock for anything close to official launch prices). The 6900 XT is a minor bump in performance for a relatively large bump in price compared to the 6800 XT, and we'd generally recommend sticking with the latter. The 6800 XT is also technically faster (barely, by a basically meaningless amount) than the RTX 3080 by our ranking formula, though as mentioned above, ray tracing and DLSS very much change the picture. Add those in and the 3080 easily beats even the 6900 XT.

The new GPUs make all of AMD's and Nvidia's previous generation GPUs suddenly look a bit weak. The same goes for the Radeon RX 6800 and GeForce RTX 3070, which match or beat the outgoing RTX 2080 Ti with a theoretical starting price of just $580 or $500, respectively. The RTX 3060 Ti meanwhile leads the old 2080 Super in performance and potentially costs 42 percent less. Only the RTX 3060 12GB seems a bit lackluster, with performance basically at the level of the old RTX 2070 (non-Super) that launched 2.5 years ago, If the $329 official launch price were anywhere to be found, it would be  agreat deal, but it's not.

AMD's Navi 21 GPUs, aka Big Navi, finally break into the top three overall, even including Titan cards. That's something AMD hasn't managed since the Vega 64 launch (where it came in third). AMD is also mostly at feature parity with Nvidia now, with both companies supporting ray tracing. Except, Nvidia has Tensor cores that help with other tasks like DLSS, Nvidia Broadcast, RTX Voice, and potentially future applications, plus Nvidia's ray tracing performance is definitely still faster in the majority of DXR (DirectX Raytracing) games. The first Navi 22 cards are slated to arrive later this month.

If you're in the market for a new sub-$500 graphics card right now, the RTX 3060 Ti is currently the card to get. It's a bit slower than the 3070, but overall it's the best price to performance ratio of all the modern GPUs. The RTX 3060 12GB card has more VRAM, but it's on a 192-bit bus and the drop in GPU cores and memory bandwidth is around 25 percent, leading to real-world performance that's 22 percent lower on average.

We expect AMD's RX 6700 XT to land in the same RTX 3060 to RTX 3060 Ti range, with price being the big question mark. AMD tried to undercut Nvidia's Ampere prices with Big Navi, but mostly ended up at price parity. Again, whatever GPU you're hoping to buy, it's still a terrible time to buy a graphics card, as all of the most desirable GPUs are either out of stock or seriously overpriced.

If you can find a reasonable deal on a latest generation GPU right now, great! But don't pay more for a previous gen GPU just because there aren't enough RX 6000-series or RTX 30-series GPUs to meet the current demand. Eventually, supply will catch up, and that will be the right time to buy. If you can't wait, our advice is to just try and find any old GPU that still works to hold you over. Based on current eBay prices, the best FPS per dollar card you can find — used — is the relatively ancient GTX 970. <Sigh>

That brings us to the bottom third of the list, the home of budget GPUs like the GTX 1650 Super, RX 5500 XT, and more. These cards give up a lot of performance in order to keep pricing down, and there are older generation GPUs that can perform just as well (or better) if you shop around. But component shortages have affected even these, with $300 and higher prices even on relatively weak cards like the GTX 1650 and RX 5500 XT 4GB — and we can't blame miners, as mining performance on 4GB cards is very poor these days.

Theoretically, the GTX 1660 Super, 1650 Super, and RX 5600 XT are the best budget options, or at least they used to be before prices launched into the stratosphere. The higher you go on price, the worse things get, so take a careful look at historical pricing before you buy anything. GTX 1660 Super should cost $250, and GTX 1650 Super should cost around $175. The best prices we can see right now are around $450 and $375, respectively. Hard pass.

Unless you already have the hardware, or can get it for cheap, we don't recommend going below the GTX 1650 Super. Wait out the current shortages, and spend some time with indie games that can often run just fine on ... well, practically anything, even Intel's integrated graphics solutions! And you don't even need to buy a graphics card if you go that route. AMD's APUs are an even better option if you're on an extreme budget.

If you're looking at something like an RX 550 or GT 1030, you should consider AMD's integrated graphics on its Ryzen APUs as a viable alternative. If you have an older PC and are looking at adding a GPU, a motherboard and CPU upgrade might end up being a better option. Or not, as even a basic motherboard, CPU, and RAM can set you back $200 or more.

We're interested in seeing what happens with the next generation of integrated graphics as well. Tiger Lake laptops sometimes double the performance of Ice Lake graphics, and AMD also has updated Zen 2 APUs with faster graphics as well. (We'll be testing both of these options soon enough for inclusion in the hierarchy.)

Okay, maybe buying a basic GPU isn't a bad idea rather than dealing with a full motherboard and CPU upgrade (depending on what sort of CPU you're rocking). Provided you can provide at least a 6-pin PEG power connector, though, we recommend going for at least something at the RX 570 level or above rather than picking up a lesser graphics card.

Also worth noting is that the scoring assigned to each GPU uses all six test resolutions and settings, except on integrated graphics where we scale the result — because, come on, no one is going to try and run Borderlands 3 at 4K on an iGPU. (It will probably just crash.) If you want to check performance at just 1080p medium, or one of the other options, you can see the ranking order for the main GPUs in the charts below.

Test System for GPU Benchmarks

• Intel Core i9-9900K
• Corsair H150i Pro RGB
• MSI MEG Z390 Ace
• Corsair 32GB DDR4-3200 (2x 16GB)
• XPG SX8200 Pro 2TB
• Windows 10 Pro (1909)

Our overall GPU benchmarks scores are based on the geometric mean frames per second (fps) of our testing of Borderlands 3, The Division 2, Far Cry 5, Final Fantasy XIV, Forza Horizon 4, Metro Exodus, Red Dead Redemption 2, Shadow of the Tomb Raider, and Strange Brigade. If you want to do your own GPU benchmarking, see our complete list of the best GPU tests, which includes a lot more games and synthetic tests as well.

That's nine games, six settings and over 40 cards from the current and previous generations. We have a solid mix of game genres and APIs, plus AMD and Nvidia promoted titles, making this the definitive GPU benchmarks and performance hierarchy for gaming purposes. Due to the mix of various generations of GPUs, note that we don't include ray tracing or DLSS testing in any of the figures. That does penalize Nvidia's RTX cards quite a bit, and the RX 6800 series as well, since previous generation GPUs can't even try to run ray tracing in most games.

GPU Benchmarks and Performance Hierarchy Charts

Here you can see the average performance charts for our testing at 1080p, 1440p, and 4K (medium and ultra on all three). If you want to see the full suite of individual game tests, check out the charts in our Best Graphics Cards article. We've focused on the 'executive summary' and have omitted individual game charts as well as a few GPUs that don't fully qualify. We've left off the integrated graphics solutions as well as many older GPUs, plus omitted the Titan cards. That gives us 32 GPUs in the charts, color coded for your viewing pleasure.

Yes, we know the labels on the charts are tiny. We've also included links to the full-size (1920x1080) images below each chart for those on smaller devices that want to be able to read them.

Again, our GPU benchmarks scoring uses the geometric mean of all 54 scores (nine games, three resolutions, two settings). The geomean is a slightly 'better' weighting than a pure average, though it doesn't massively change the results. Either way, including all 54 scores means the fastest cards are somewhat penalized because they run into CPU limitations at 1080p and even 1440p, and the slower GPUs can also end up penalized because they were never intended to run games at 1440p or 4K.

If you intend to play at 1440p or 4K, the charts below can help you focus in on just those results. For example, the RTX 3080 overall scored 20.8% higher than the RTX 2080 Ti, but if you only look at 4K ultra performance, it's 33.5% faster.

Legacy GPU Hierarchy

Below is our legacy desktop GPU hierarchy with historical comparisons dating back to the 1990s. We have not tested most of these cards in many years, driver support has ended on many of the models, and the relative rankings are relatively coarse. We group cards into performance tiers, pairing disparate generations where overlap occurs.

For even more information, check out our Graphics Card Buyer's Guide.

MORE: Best Graphics Cards for Gaming

MORE: Graphics Card Power Consumption Tested

MORE: How to Stress-Test Graphics Cards (Like We Do)

MORE: CPU Benchmarks

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