The Pentium III Hits 1 GHz
The Pentium III Coppermine was the first commercial x86 processor from Intel to attain a clock speed of 1 GHz; a 1.13 GHz version was even released, but was quickly taken off the market because it was unstable. This new version of the Pentium III improved the Level 2 cache—now on-die. It was faster than the 512 KB external cache on the first model and was touted as a feature able to speed up the Internet experience. It was released in three versions: server (Xeon), entry-level (Celeron), and mobile (with the first version of SpeedStep).
| Code name | Coppermine |
| Date released | 1999 |
| Architecture | 32 bits |
| Data bus | 64 bits |
| Address bus | 32 bits |
| Maximum memory | 4 GB |
| L1 cache | 16 KB + 16 KB |
| L2 cache | internal, 256 KB (CPU frequency) |
| Clock frequency | 500–1,133 MHz |
| FSB | 100-133 MHz |
| FPU | built in |
| SIMD | MMX (SSE) |
| Fabrication process | 180 nm |
| Number of transistors | 28.1 million |
| Power consumption | 25-35 W |
| Voltage | 1.6 V, 1.8 V |
| Die surface area | 106 mm² |
| Connector | Slot 1-Socket 370 FCPGA |
A slightly improved version (Tualatin), with more L2 cache (512 KB) and centering on a 130 nm process, was released in 2002. Essentially intended for servers (PIII-S) and mobile devices, it was less common in consumer-level machines.
