Best SSDs 2023: From Budget SATA to Blazing-Fast NVMe

Of the key components in any PC, the storage drive is the slowest: transferring bits in a fraction of the time your CPU and GPU take to process it or your RAM takes to load it. A poor-performing storage drive often leads to a big bottleneck, forcing your processor (even if it's one of the best CPUs for Gaming) to waste clock cycles as it waits for data to crunch.

Finding the best SSD or solid-state drive for your specific system and needs is key if you want the best gaming PC or laptop, or even if you just want a snappy productivity machine. To find the best SSDs for gaming and productivity, we test dozens of drives each year and highlight the best ones here. We have multiple categories, including the best SSD for NAS and the Best SSD for the Steam Deck listed below. For those on the hunt for the Best SSD for the PS5, be sure to head to that link for our recommendations based on our exhaustive testing. If you're looking for the ultimate in cheap and deep storage, we also have a list of the best hard drives.

Picking the Best SSD for You

The newest budget NVMe SSDs have undercut the pricing of mainstream drives on the slower SATA interface (which was originally designed for hard drives), but we shouldn't expect to see the end of SATA SSDs any time soon.

The era of PCIe 5.0 SSDs is upon us, propelling us to new heights of stratospheric SSD performance. Blazing-fast PCIe 5.0 M.2 SSDs, which offer up to twice the sequential speeds of the older PCIe 4.0 standard, are now supported with Intel and AMD's current platforms, the Zen 4 Ryzen 7000 and 13th-Gen Raptor Lake.

It's great if your desktop system can handle a PCIe 5.0 drive, but they are still new and expensive, so they aren't a requirement: For example, the PCIe 4.0 Samsung 990 Pro is our current choice for the best SSD overall, and the best SSD for gaming. This drive is rated for 7,450 / 6,900 MBps of sequential read/write throughput and 1.2 / 1.55 million read/write IOPS. That means less time waiting for game levels to load or videos to transcode, not to mention a snappier experience in Windows. 

The PCIe 5.0 SSDs still have plenty to offer. The Crucial T700 is unquestionably the fastest consumer SSD in the world that you can actually buy, at least for now, delivering up to a blistering 12.4 GB/s of sequential throughput and 1.5 million random IOPS over the PCIe 5.0 interface. That's an amazing level of performance from an amazingly compact device. 

While the PCIe 5.0 drives are the fastest SSDs money can buy right now, believe it or not, raw speed isn't everything. In regular productivity tasks such as web browsing or light desktop work, you may not even notice the difference between a PCIe 3.0 SSD and one with a 4.0 interface, let alone a new bleeding-edge PCIe 5.0 model. The latest PCIe 5.0 SSDs also carry a heavy price premium for now, so you're probably best suited with a PCIe 4.0 or 3.0 model — unless you're after the fastest possible performance money can buy, of course. If that's the case and your system supports it, go for a new PCIe 5.0 SSD. 

Ultimately, the best SSD for you is one that provides enough capacity to hold your data at a price you can afford. Consider that a high-end, AAA game can use more than 100GB of data, and Windows 11 all by itself may need 60GB. 

Best SSDs in 2023 at a glance (more info below):

Here's the shortlist of our rankings below, but we have deeper breakdowns for these drives below, along with far more picks for other categories, like RGB SSDs, value-centric PCIe 3.0 SSDs, workstation SSDs, DirectStorage SSDs, and SATA SSDs, among other categories. 

Quick Shopping Tips

When choosing an SSD, consider the following:

• Pick a compatible interface (M.2 PCIe, SATA, Add-in Card): Look at your user manual or a database like the Crucial Memory Finder to determine what types of SSD your computer supports.
• 500GB to 2TB: 1TB is the practical minimum for any PC build that costs more than $500 (perhaps one of the best PC builds). 2TB is the best SSD capacity for anyone that can spend $200+ on a drive. 500GB is the bare minimum anyone should consider at any price. 4TB drives have also plummeted recently, so good deals abound.
• SATA is slowest: SATA isn't as fast as an M.2 PCIe or a PCIe add-in card, but the majority of desktops and many laptops support 2.5-inch SATA drives, and many doing typical mainstream tasks users won't notice the difference between a good recent SATA drive and a faster PCIe model.

For even more information, check out our SSD Buyer's Guide. Or, if you're looking for an external SSD, you can check out our Best External Hard Drives and SSD page, or learn how to save some money by building your own external SSD. Below, you'll find our recommendations for drives with all three major interfaces.

Best SSDs You Can Buy Today

Samsung hit back at its competitors with this impressive update to the 980 Pro. New hardware and new options, including a heatsink with RGB and a 4TB variant, have allowed Samsung to retake the M.2 SSD crown. Performance is excellent across the board, setting a few new performance records, such as with 4K random read performance. In our testing, the drive was consistent, power-efficient, and cool. Samsung has also updated its software for this drive, giving it the best SSD toolbox available, and the drive is backed by a competent warranty and decent support.

$20 extra for a heatsink and RGB is a good deal, and as we see with all vendors recently, pricing is at or near all-time lows. Samsung will likely discount this drive quickly. There are also competing PCIe 5.0 drives on the market that serve up faster performance, but they still carry a premium. 

Read: Samsung 990 Pro Review 

WD has taken its popular Black SN850 SSD and turned it up to 11. The Black SN850X leverages an improved controller and newer flash to get the most out of the PCIe 4.0 interface. Performance is improved across the board, and the drive rivals most of the top contenders in the PCIe 4.0 market. There's also a heatsink option that comes with RGB at 1TB and 2TB. WD also supports the SSD with its decent Dashboard application and a respectable five-year warranty.

The M.2 Black SN850X was a bit pricey at launch, however, with a daunting MSRP, but those prices have largely come down. The touted Game Mode 2.0 feature felt incomplete in our testing, although WD ensures us that this will improve with future firmware updates. All-in-all, this is a good compromise if you can’t find the Samsung 990 Pro. This drive is also our best pick for PS5 SSDs, as you can read about in the #5 slot below. 

Read: WD Black SN850X Review

Best M.2 PCIe NVMe Drives 2023

These small, rectangular drives look like sticks of RAM, only smaller. They are usually 80mm long by 22mm wide, described as size 2280, but some may be shorter or longer, so make sure you get one that matches your slot. You can get M.2 drives that support SATA, but most modern desktops and laptops with M.2 slots support the faster PCIe NVMe standard.

12 GB/s is here to stay with the introduction of Teamgroup’s Cardea Z540 SSD. It set multiple records in our testing, beating out even the very fast Crucial T700. If you want the best storage performance possible right now, this drive is it. Its consistent sustained performance and DirectStorage-optimized firmware are additional bonuses, making it a great choice for high-end desktop gaming or workstation tasks. Faster drives are on the way, including Team’s own Z54A, but with a slowing storage market this is the king for now.

Before you open your wallet, be sure to prepare for this drive: it requires a heatsink to reach its highest levels of performance. Unlike with the T700, Team does not offer a heatsink version of the Z540. The heatsink requirement mostly precludes it from use in a laptop, and you can choose from less expensive options for the PlayStation 5. In fact, there are many solid Gen 4 alternatives that are much more budget-friendly without some of the Z540’s downsides, like its poor power efficiency. But if you want the very best performance right now, look no further.

Read: Teamgroup Cardea Z540 Review

Crucial's T700 is the world's fastest SSD, taking the hands-down performance lead in every performance category. That groundbreaking speed comes courtesy of the drive's PCIe 5.0 x4 connection, which offers a pathway for up to twice the throughput of PCIe 4.0 SSDs, and the Phison E26 SSD controller paired with Micron's leading-edge 232-Layer 3D TLC flash. That potent common creates an SSD that's the fastest on the market for PC game loading times. 

Yes, faster drives will be released to the market near the end of the year, but for now, the T700's 12.4 / 11.8 GB/s of throughput leads the market, not to mention the beastly up to 1.5 million random read/write IOPS that remains uncontested by any SSD on the market. The Crucial T700 can take a beating, too: The T700 doesn't lose as much steam as other drives during heavy sustained workloads, making it a suitable drive for even the heaviest of workloads, like workstation-class video editing.

Many of the first PCIe 5.0 SSDs come with active cooling solutions, meaning they have a fan attached to the heatsink. In contrast, the T700 has a stylish passive heatsink that does an admirable job of assuring top-notch performance. Crucial also offers the drive without a heatsink, thus allowing you to use either your own third-party cooler or the in-built motherboard M.2 heatsinks that are becoming increasingly popular. 

The Crucial T700 also has plenty of endurance, with 600TB of write endurance per TB of capacity, meaning you can confidently hammer the drive with heavier workloads, too. The drive also comes backed by Crucial's five-year warranty, leaving pricing as one of the few quibbles — you can expect to pay a premium for this drive. However, you get premium performance in exchange.   

Read: Crucial T700 Review

4TB has become a more attractive capacity point for SSDs as time has gone on. While there are now many options available, most come with compromises of one sort or another. You may have to settle for QLC, a weaker controller, no DRAM, unreliable hardware, etc. This is not always a big deal, especially if the drive is intended to be a secondary gaming drive. In the PlayStation 5, however, extra cooling is beneficial, so it’s convenient to have a heatsink option available. At the same time, laptops favor bare drives and especially single-sided drives, the latter of which have been very rare with TLC until recently.

Samsung has managed all of this with its high-performing 990 Pro SSD. You have a powerful controller with DRAM, cutting-edge TLC flash, and a single-sided drive with or without heatsink even at 4TB. WD’s SN850X has been out a while at 4TB but has no heatsink option and is double-sided, with the SN850P being a latter heatsinked version for the PS5. There has been an increasing amount of 4TB TLC drives, including the Lexar NM790 and Addlink A93, but these cannot compare to the power and brand power of Samsung’s 990 Pro. You do have to pay for that privilege given the high MSRP, but at this time there is no substitute.

The Crucial P3 is the little sibling to the P3 Plus. There’s not much difference between the two, other than the P3 being limited by its PCIe 3.0 interface. This isn’t all bad, as the P3 is a bit cheaper and also more efficient. In fact, it’s incredibly efficient, making it a useful addition to any system. The lack of a 4.0 interface reduces its maximum bandwidth and sequential performance, plus puts it out of range for use in the PlayStation 5.

It’s nice to see some newer hardware in the PCIe 3.0 SSD market segment, especially with capacities of up to 4TB. Crucial backs it with a full 5-year warranty and decent software support. However, its guaranteed write endurance is quite low. The P3 is based on QLC and is also DRAM-less, so it might be prone to potential performance issues. It’s also best at higher capacities. Still, it’s a good option on sale for an upgrade, or if you just need more NVMe-class bulk storage.

Read: Crucial P3 Review

If you're looking for a broader view of multiple different options for a PS5 SSD, head to our Best SSDs for PS5 feature. Spoiler alert: This SSD is the best of the bunch. WD has taken its popular Black SN850 SSD and turned it up to 11, but luckily the price isn't nearly extreme. The current $140 price point for the 2TB model is a steal, but make sure you check the current pricing. The Black SN850X leverages an improved controller and newer flash to get the most out of the PCIe 4.0 interface, thus delivering excellent performance with the Sony PlayStation 5. Performance is improved across the board, and the drive comes with a heatsink option at 1TB and 2TB.

WD also supports the SSD with a respectable five-year warranty that will let you game with peace of mind. This drive was made for the PlayStation 5, but it’s a bit pricier than other options, and additionally, WD has taken the course of releasing an officially-licensed SN850P. That drive is a glorified heatsinked SN850X and should only be picked if you want the heatsink at 4TB. Even then, it’s far less expensive to get a bare SN850X and add your own heatsink. This goes for PC use, too, where the SN850X also shines. 

Read: WD Black SN850X Review

The Addlink A93 is among a batch of drives that have arrived with new hardware, combining an efficient controller from Maxio with very fast and efficient 232-Layer TLC flash from YMTC. The result is high-end performance without the heat and the introduction of truly affordable 4TB SSDs. The dense flash in this drive allows for a single-sided design that is excellent for laptops and tighter environments, like the PlayStation 5, without the QLC compromise. It doesn’t have the power and DRAM of the WD Black SN850X, but the cost-saving speaks for itself.

Addlink set itself apart from the Lexar NM790, Team MP44, and Patriot VP4300 Lite, among other drives, with its PS5-compliant heatsink. This compelled Lexar to offer a heatsink version of its NM790 later, but the A93 is still more affordable. The addition of a heatsink can increase cost a little bit, on the order of $5-20, so be on the lookout for sales and better deals on alternative but comparable drives if you’re buying for the PS5. Addlink’s A93 is more efficient than many previous budget PS5 champions, like the Silicon Power XS70, which may be a factor in keeping the drive from throttling. Alternatively, you can save some money by going with QLC at higher capacities with drives like the Corsair MP600 Core XT, although these have weaker performance.

Read: Addlink A93 Review 

The Sabrent Rocket 2230 is a fast and efficient M.2 2230 drive designed for devices that need smaller PCIe SSDs, like the Steam Deck or Microsoft’s Surface Pro series. Such smaller drives are usually sold only with pre-built OEM machines. A retail option like the Rocket 2230 means that you can avoid second-hand drives that may lack reliable support and a warranty.

Since the Rocket 2230’s launch, there have been many competing drives released that could be a better value if the price is right. These include the Corsair Mini MP600, which is virtually identical but only available at 1TB. The Inland TN446 is also similar and has a 512GB option. The Rocket 2230 still holds on as being the only one with a 256GB option, though.

Retail 2TB M.2 2230 drives use slower QLC flash, although this is not all that detrimental in the Deck. It’s also possible to get the OEM WD SN740 with TLC up to 2TB, but it has a higher power draw and costs more than some QLC alternatives. This leaves the Rocket 2230 as the best overall drive for this segment with good performance, efficiency, and capacity options, but make sure to compare pricing when buying.

The Rocket 2230 has good all-around performance and maintains a solid level of performance in sustained workloads. It is also quite efficient in our tests thanks to its blend of a newer PCIe 4.0 controller and 176-Layer NAND flash. You can get the same results with many M.2 2280 drives at a much lower cost, however. The drive is also currently limited to just 1TB, and product registration is required to get the full warranty. Still, it’s the best choice for certain machines, particularly the popular Steam Deck.

Read: Sabrent Rocket 2230 SSD Review

Crucial’s P5 Plus is an evolution of the P5 with a focus on improved performance, especially where the original P5 let us down. Built for gamers and creative professionals who want faster load times and more efficient workflows, Crucial’s P5 Plus is a solid PCIe 4.0 x4 SSD that is priced well for its feature set.

Although it banks on value more than flat-out performance, the P5 Plus proved capable of keeping up with the best in most applications. It features a host of specialized algorithms for data protection and hardware-based, OPAL 2.0-compliant AES 256-bit encryption for data security. If you can’t quite afford the Samsung 980 Pro or WD_Black SN850, the P5 Plus is a solid performing alternative that’s worthy of your consideration. 

Read: Crucial P5 Plus Review 

SK hynix’s Gold P31 touts market leadership as the first retail SSD product to launch with 128-Layer flash. With SK hynix’s newest flash reaching incredible bit density, the Gold P31 hits the market at very low pricing. Listed at competitive prices, the Gold P31 is a fantastic value that will make you think twice about spending that extra $25-$50 on the Samsung 970 EVO Plus.

SK hynix’s Gold P31 is great if you’re looking to increase your laptop storage, not only to gain capacity but to gain battery life, too. While some drives may perform well against the Gold P31 in benchmarking, the SK hynix is much more power-efficient, which will lead to longer off-the-charger sessions. Laptop users who prioritize battery life should definitely put the new SK hynix Gold P31 at the top of their drive list. Additionally, the Gold P31's very strong write performance and ultra-high efficiency make it a well-rounded choice for many desktop users as well. 

Read: SK hynix Gold P31 Review