Chinese chip industry leaders admit the country lags five to ten years behind in AI data center chips — AI demand is straining equipment and talent supply

Chip IC with Chinese flag above
(Image credit: Getty Images / NurPhoto)

Senior Chinese semiconductor executives said AI-driven demand is creating bottlenecks across equipment, passive components, and workforce capacity, according to a DigiTimes report from the SEMI Industry Innovation Investment Forum at SEMICON China 2026, which ran March 25-27 in Shanghai.

David Wang, CEO of ACM Research, said the AI surge has been propelled by chip advances but argued that future progress depends on semiconductor equipment. Next-generation manufacturing tools haven't yet been developed, Wang said, and will likely define the trajectory of computing performance going forward.

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Wei Li, standing vice president of National Silicon Industry Group, pointed to rising demand for memory, data center power management ICs, and optoelectronic technologies, with data transmission and 6G emerging as key focus areas.

Daniel Yuan, EVP of Sino IC Leasing, said multilayer ceramic capacitors are facing shortages as data center construction accelerates. Sino IC Leasing is a state-backed financial leasing company focused exclusively on the integrated circuit industry, and Yuan's comments reflect broader supply pressure across passive components that underpin AI server builds.

Lee Haiming, SVP of Chongqing Xinlian Microelectronics, said AI growth is forcing Chinese foundries to scale up faster while talent retention and equipment utilization remain key constraints. Lee added that China remains competitive in consumer chips but lags five to ten years behind in automotive and data center semiconductors. He cited AI adoption in manufacturing as one path to narrowing that gap.

Chongqing Xinlian is a state-owned specialty foundry backed by China's Big Fund Phase II. The company is building the first Chinese 12-inch wafer fab in Chongqing's Xiyong Microelectronics Industrial Park with an initial capacity target of 20,000 wafers per month, focused on automotive-grade chip production.

Panelists also discussed international expansion. Wang said sustained investment and market scale are critical to global competitiveness, with differentiated technologies forming the foundation of that. Li acknowledged that geopolitical constraints persist but said companies can reach overseas customers by delivering value, with domestic competition increasingly pushing firms toward export markets.

The panelists were all in agreement that AI will continue to drive capital expenditure growth, with sustained investment and AI-driven manufacturing upgrades essential to maintaining competitiveness.

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Luke James
Contributor

Luke James is a freelance writer and journalist.  Although his background is in legal, he has a personal interest in all things tech, especially hardware and microelectronics, and anything regulatory. 

  • Kamen Rider Blade
    And MS wonders why people don't want to leave Windows 10 given all this nonsense
    Reply
  • alan.campbell99
    I seem to recall Jensen saying something to the effect of China is nanoseconds behind the US on AI.
    Reply
  • beyondlogic
    alan.campbell99 said:
    I seem to recall Jensen saying something to the effect of China is nanoseconds behind the US on AI.
    jensen says alot of waffle
    Reply
  • usertests
    alan.campbell99 said:
    I seem to recall Jensen saying something to the effect of China is nanoseconds behind the US on AI.
    I don't think being 5-10 years behind on hardware manufacturing is such a big deal when they are legally buying some newer accelerators under slapdash policies, smuggling better chips in, converting 4090s into 4090 48GBs, etc.

    What they are managing to make isn't terrible:

    Huawei unveils new Atlas 350 AI accelerator with 1.56 PFLOPS of FP4 compute and up to 112GB of HBM — claims 2.8x more performance than Nvidia's H20
    That leaves the software side, where optimizations can make less into more (e.g. TurboQuant). And you can also "steal" your competitor's model via distillation and get away with it.

    So they aren't too far behind, are putting in a lot of money, and have a lot of people looking for breakthroughs.
    Reply
  • Stomx
    It does not matter and not a real problem that China couple or 5 or even 10 years behind. China in one day could start a Great Depression and destroy all current AI leaders if it decide to make AI free for everyone, just pay for their cheap electricity.
    Reply