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In 2007, AMD introduced its K10, marketed as the Phenom. This processor has had its share of teething pains: it’s not as fast as Intel’s competing models, there were bugs in the early versions (in the TLB), and it initially struggled in overclocking efforts. Yet the Phenom is still a good processor. Its architecture is well-conceived and it’s perfect for servers, for example. Though it’s still considered a more budget-oriented chip, the Phenom is at least free of its early defects and, with the help of AMD’s ACC technology, can overclock substantially better than before.
| Code name | Agena (X4) | Toliman (X3) |
| Date released | 2007 | 2008 |
| Architecture | 64-bits | 64-bits |
| Data bus | 64-bits | 64-bits |
| Address bus | 64-bits | 64-bits |
| Maximum memory | 1 TB | 1 TB |
| L1 cache | 64 KB + 64 KB x 4 | 64 KB + 64 KB x 3 |
| L2 cache | 512 KB x 4 (CPU frequency) | 512 KB x 3 (CPU frequency) |
| L3 cache | 2 MB (HT link frequency) | 2 MB (HT link frequency) |
| Clock frequency | 1,800-2,600 MHz | 2,100-2,400 MHz |
| Memory controller | DDR2-1066, 2 channel | DDR2-1066, 2 channel |
| FSB | 2,000 MHz (HTT) | 2,000 MHz (HTT) |
| FPU | built-in | built-in |
| SIMD | MMX, Enhanced 3DNow!, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSE4a | MMX, Enhanced 3DNow!, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSE4a |
| Fabrication process | 65 nm | 65 nm |
| Number of transistors | 450 million | 450 million |
| Power consumption | 65/125 W (TDP) | 95 W (TDP) |
| Voltage | 1.25 V | 1.25 V |
| Die surface area | 285 mm² | 285 mm² |
| Connector | Socket AM2+ | Socket AM2+ |
The Phenom is compatible with Socket AM2 (with some limitations). The three core Phenom X3 is essentially a Phenom X4 with a defective or disabled fourth core.
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Nice article, thanks for another trip-down-memory-lane.
I swear I had a Clawhammer with 512MB L2 cache.
Lackluster article...a lot of backround on the chips were left out, fact that make thier acomplishments truely impressive. To THG's credit, their was at least some mention of the impact Alpha had on some of the chip designs, but no where near being complete.
Where the intel article seemed to overshadow intel's little victories, this article seems to gloss over AMD innovation (though i'll admit that i didn't recall the bit about the Intel chip, either the pentium or pentium pro, that gave incorrect values for mathmatical equations)
Both articles really need alot more detail added. As i've actually ranted about the history i'm reffering to in the comments section of the intel article as well as many other's i won't re-hash it.
Despite not being terribly detailed, I still like these recaps. Good articles really, all of them. Now all we need is one on alpha, and on how the mac stuff went before it was called intel
Oh and on ati I suppose, seeing we've already had nvidia :9 ... or even matrox, 3dfx and others that have vanished in a combo article...
This is like viasat history - only more specific and technical
AMD 386 SX @25 MHz was powering my first personal computer. The whole computer costed ~4000$ and it wasn't even top performance.
AMD 486 @120 Mhz was making my friends that bought an early Pentium red with envy.
I had several systems with the AMD 486 X5 processor at 133 Mhz.I also have 2 K6-2 systems,1 Athlon a Athlon 64 and a Phenom X4 9850 BE system.Actually most of my systems are Intel basedthough.When I first heard that AMD was in pretty big trouble I still wouldn't get a B2 Phenom but when they fixed the bug I decided to help them out by building the Phenom X4 9850BE system which runs very well.Plus I've just ordered some new ATI graphics cards too.
Someone gave me a AMD K5 system.
Thanks for the article.
Heh, owned one AMD processor of every line, starting with the 8086 and ending with the Phenom. Wasn't even intentional for the first decade, but I'm glad I did. Liked the article, though it could have gone into a bit more detail and back story.
I enjoy these articles as well, as I collect old hardware...
I have quite a few chips from both makers, including the AMD 40MHz 386, and an Intel 386 & 387 33MHz cpu's, which are quite scarce...
I too collect old hardware Minerva, in fact, I still have a lot of them still in running order on a mainboard ! Good Review, I just loved to see that windows 3 series again
Altough a little bit biased...
Let’s hope that AMD’s financial problems are only temporary, and that they’ll be around for many more years to compete with Intel http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_Corporation in the x86 processor arena.
Word!
I liked the article and the fact that Alpha was mentioned in the chipset design. I think a article revisiting DEC would be an interesting read. I remember their processors having about double performance of others at the time and Intel being sued by them for stealing the design for the pentium pro.
For the Poster wishing more detail, go research it.
It's not all that hard.
The article was designed to be a brief history overview.
Excessive details would have clouded that goal.
What it does do, however, is give you the information you need to start your researchy project.
Have Fun!
Oh how I loved my K6 200Mhz, and K6-2 350MHz, packed with 96MB of PC-100 RAM, a 2MB Matrox (can't remember the model) and a 3GB Hard Drive, I was flyin!!!
And so it was that AMD became one of the first companies to sell an 8086 close.
I'm guessing that's supposed to say clone?
i remember ma k6-2 500MHz (64mb and then 256MB) and i used to run winxp (after it came out). and some games.....and it was not painfully slow.......but i felt if was more responsive than my friends p4. all i made sure was that i had minimal background stuff running on my OS and install stuff that i need.maybe am being biased as it was ma 1st PC (i was in class 5 then) but it served me well for 7yrs straight
Well,well,well, from imitation to innovation, i like that phrase!. And now, You should gave this phrase to the Intel history review: from innovation to imitation, since Intel DID finally use QPI and IMC in its architecture which is innovation from AMD. And ridiculously, Intel said: " You only can do that once to improve performance, what would you do next?" Well, let's see what will AMD do to improve performance and compete with Intel.
first thought when saw Nehalem review, " Whoa, AMD will be crush this time." But then, suddenly, AMD ACC appears. "What the hell!" From only 300MHz overclock become 1 GHz overclock. That's huge for me since AMD Athlon never got those awesome overclock compare to E2160.
God I think when I had my k7 T-bird I started with like 128mb ram, ended up having 768mb later on. Only major issue I had with it was the ram amount trying to run a dual boot with 98se and WinXP. Anything over 640mb and 98se would crap out. Think when I put that one together thats when I started out with a guillemot 3dfx Banshee card, dabbled with voodoo 5 5500 for a while, then got the geforce 2 Ti450 that I had for a long time. Been using AMD ever since then though. I've always seemed to have less problems with my personal builds with AMD than those of friends that were using the P4 and whatnot. In fact I would of put my AthlonXP 2100+ up against my friends P4 2ghz any day of the week.
my very first was a k6-2, with 32mb RAM. ive never been able to play Half-life with it but it opened me up to the world of silicon and transistors
btw, where are the durons? i remember the day when leo laporte broke in the news that the athlons are already hitting 1ghz mark. the good old days, he even mentioned pairing it up with a geforce 2 gts. i drooled.
and omg!! the processor rubber feet! once they burn away say good bye to your cpu, why did they put it in there in the first place?