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The Seagate FireCuda X1070 is a budget-minded SSD that’s done mostly right. Performance is sufficient, and support is excellent, but the MSRP is too high.
Reasons to buy
+
Good warranty & support
+
High TBW for QLC flash
+
No major shortfalls
Reasons to avoid
-
Weak heavy and sustained performance
-
High MSRPs
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While Seagate has its hands full with the current memory situation, at least it’s nice enough to still give us some drives to explore. The FireCuda X1070 is the latest drive from the company, and it feels specialized in a way different from the FireCuda 530R, a drive we’ve also looked at recently. This is a budget drive with non-budget trappings that feels a little bit steadier than the ubiquitous Kingston NV3. Its hardware is decidedly not the fastest out there, but with this level of support, Seagate is not treating it like a throwaway SKU either.
Memory has become the most expensive part of your build, whether it’s for main memory, video memory, or storage. However, SSDs tend to be a good place to skimp, as you can rotate games out and use mechanical HDDs or cloud storage to fill the gaps. Yet they are still an essential part of any build, and Seagate hopes to address this in part with the FireCuda X1070. While the FireCuda 530R feels more high-end and directed at enthusiasts, the FireCuda X1070 covers something closer to the entry-level market and can be good in laptops, desktops, and the PS5. What helps the drive stand apart is its full five-year warranty – with three years of data recovery service – and decent TBW for a QLC-based drive. This is something that can get you through the memory price hump, as it were.
The Seagate FireCuda X1070 is available in the most popular capacities: 1TB, 2TB, and 4TB. Pricing shared with us at the time of review comes out to $239.99, $459.99, and $829.99 for the three SKUs. Manufacturers will set MSRPs like this, but even in the best of times, these are weak guidelines. Right now, fair prices for each SKU would be in the $150-$165, $265-$275, and $440-$460 ranges. This is using the Biwin NV7200, the Kingston NV3, the Patriot Viper VP4300 Lite, and the Silicon Power UD90 for baselining. These drives are roughly in the same class, recognizing that the latter two have seen changes in hardware over time. The FireCuda X1070’s flash will often put it ahead of variations found in the wild, but drives with comparable 232-layer flash, like the NV7200, directly compete. It likely has an edge over the average NV3, though.
Performance is respectable at up to 7,200 / 6,500 MB/s for sequential reads and writes and up to 900K / 1,000K random read and write IOPS. The 1TB model is the weakest, but its performance as a whole is more than adequate. Peak performance is at 2TB, and that’s also where the drive will be most efficient if performance is actually pushed. Seagate offers a full five-year warranty for the drive with three years of data recovery services included. The drive is also rated for 600TB of writes per TB, which is the standard amount for TLC-based drives. Given that this drive is using QLC flash, that’s actually high. Some users do look at TBW and, nine times out of ten, QLC will have around half the rated endurance of TLC, but that’s not the case here. For some, that’s enough to keep it in the running.
Seagate FireCuda X1070 Software and Accessories
Seagate has a plethora of downloads available, but the most important are DiscWizard and SeaTools 5. DiscWizard is used to back up and secure your data, while SeaTools is an SSD toolbox-type application to help manage your drive’s health. This is standard in the industry, but Seagate does have some of the better software around. Seagate is also including one month of Xbox Ultimate Game Pass and two months of Adobe Creative Cloud Pro with this drive. The former is probably of more use for a budget drive like the FireCuda X1070.
The Seagate FireCuda X1070 is single-sided at all capacities, which makes sense for a drive of this caliber. Budget drives tend to pull less power and are suitable for laptops, the PS5, and other systems that might not have the cooling capacity of a high-end desktop. The drive is rated for 3.3V / 2.0A, which pegs it below 7W. Seagate itself lists the expected active power draw to average around 4.7W for the 2TB SKU. In SMART, the drive reports 5.5W for its non-idle modes. Our peak consumption is closer to the latter. This is less than half the power draw of the heaviest SSDs we’ve reviewed, and it should be fine in a laptop and can be installed without a heatsink.
The 2TB model that we’re reviewing has a centerline SSD controller and two NAND flash packages. There is space for four flash packages if needed, potentially for the 4TB SKU. The controller is the TenaFe TC2201, which is a four-channel, DRAM-less solution. This is equivalent to Phison’s E27T, Silicon Motion’s SM2268XT2, or Maxio’s MAP1602, all DRAM-less solutions that can push the PCIe 4.0 interface. There is also a discrete PMIC with the Active-Semi logo, which is a Qorvo part, and we’ve seen these before on many older WD/SanDisk SSDs. This type of solution can help with PCB spacing, and this board is pretty clean. The flash is more of a mystery as the coding is unknown or internal, but we were able to get confirmation on it from Seagate right before publishing.
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We’ll start with the flash. Because this is a four-channel controller, we know it needs to use 2,400 MT/s or faster flash to make things work. We also know the drive uses QLC from store listings. This limits the options to a few, including flash from SK hynix or YMTC, but the two most likely candidates are BiCS6 QLC – used on the Kingston NV3 and the 4TB version of the WD Blue SN5000 – or Micron’s 232-layer QLC, also known as N58R. It’s possible that the drive could use both types of flash, but Seagate states N58R, so that’s what you should expect. There are differences in performance between the two, and we’ll cover that in the review. It’s normally not too difficult to see these differences, but the FireCuda X1070 is using a controller we have little experience with, which makes the process more complicated. Additionally, the firmware is encrypted, so derivation of the specific flash ID is not possible; we have to take this on faith.
As for the controller, the manufacturer TenaFe has a less-than-stellar reputation on the level of Realtek, as far as SSD controllers go, as its consumer designs are budget-oriented. Consumer drives have looser requirements than enterprise, so you can get away with weaker controllers. The TC2201 is especially lightweight, as it uses Cortex-M7 technology rather than the more typical Cortex-R5. We have seen Cortex-R8 in newer controllers, which is more powerful yet, as well as flexible RISC-V designs like Phison's E28 controller. We’ve also seen Cortex-M used as co-processors or as management cores in Crucial's proprietary drives, such as the P5 Plus. We’re going to elaborate a bit on the TC2201 because we haven’t dug into it before, and we will translate what it means for the end user.
There are advantages to using a weaker architecture, as packing in more than you need means worse power efficiency and potentially higher heat generation. It can also be more responsive – have lower latency – due to the design’s simplicity, while costing less to produce. On the other hand, reliability is more difficult to achieve with, for instance, a higher reliance on error correction. Performance also suffers, which is the top reason people dislike the TC2201. It also means that the controller needs to handle ECC differently. This controller uses FlexLDPC technology, distinct from Phison’s LDPC, WD’s/SanDisk’s multi-gear LDPC, and so forth. Superficially, this only appears to impact the user indirectly, but understanding the differences will help explain why the TC2201 is designed and used as it is, and why Seagate built the FireCuda X1070 with it.
FlexLDPC is a distinct technology that TenaFe uses, which offloads the ECC workload more than other designs – this means the main MCU can be simpler – with high-granularity adaptability, hence “flex”. The basic strategy in all modern LDPC correction is to start with low-latency hard decision making – differentiate 0s and 1s without high sensitivity – and then progressively use softer decision making, but the exact approaches differ. A side effect of this is that some systems, including FlexLDPC, can vary the code rate or effectively the number of parity bits as needed. So, the drive might be faster early in its lifespan, but may also be able to carry on longer with higher amounts of flash wear later on.
Using FlexLDPC allows the main controller to be simpler – less costly, and potentially more efficient with still good real-time latency – but also means you can pair it with lower-grade flash. The LDPC unit is capable of getting the most out of a range of flash while also guaranteeing good performance for the front half of the drive’s lifespan. This is why Seagate can use QLC with 600TBW per TB on the FireCuda X1070, keep the five-year warranty, and hit high PCIe 4.0 speeds with a cheaper controller. Consider complaints about slow reads on stale data from drives made by WD/SanDisk and Phison’s E18, then realize FlexLDPC can be more granular with degradation. This makes a budget drive feel more responsive over its typical lifetime without using expensive technology for the flash or main controller. Taken together with the FireCuda 530R – our review for that should be out soon, pointing out the deliberate design focus on reliability for it – Seagate’s approach to the budget FireCuda X1070 makes a lot of sense.
It’s probably a case of “if you have to ask you don’t need to know” but in the interest of learning something new:
could some gaming or installing a game or regular office work saturate the slc-cache on a drive like this? If so in what scenarios? If not what kind of workload would cause the cache to saturated?
The size of the SLC cache is 428 GB, but only when the drive is empty. The size should be roughly proportional with the free space, but there is likely to be some small cache that is still available when the drive is full.
VizzieTheViz said:
what kind of workload would cause the cache to saturated?
Copying extremely large videos to the drive.
When the drive has become almost full, any large OS/game installation might be too large for the cache.
The size of the SLC cache is 428 GB, but only when the drive is empty. The size should be roughly proportional with the free space, but there is likely to be some small cache that is still available when the drive is full.
Copying extremely large videos to the drive.
When the drive has become almost full, any large OS/game installation might be too large for the cache.
It’s probably a case of “if you have to ask you don’t need to know” but in the interest of learning something new:
could some gaming or installing a game or regular office work saturate the slc-cache on a drive like this? If so in what scenarios? If not what kind of workload would cause the cache to saturated?
To add on to what others have said, for more clarification, the cache size and speed aren't fixed. If you're doing a boatload of small, random writes, the cache can be limited to a much lower MB/s number. This does mean the cache takes longer to fill up. Also, if you're writing below the cache maximum, say from a HDD or SATA SSD to this drive, this drive can choose to spend time emptying the cache, writing straight to QLC, or keeping hot data in the cache for upcoming reads. Hitting it straight up with QD32 1MB sequential writes is rare to say the least.
As for cache varying with free space, the drive will attempt to always have some cache. Even at its smallest and fullest state this should be enough for small bursts. However, the drive needs idle time to free up cache and pretty much all drives have some level of SLC degradation over time. With the perfect storm of Windows and game updates after a big transfer you could get caught flat-footed. It's a good idea to keep more space than usual free on a drive like this. Probably 10%, anyway.
