
Tracing the source of 3D printing ghost guns has been a serious topic since the beginning of their existence. Those doing the printing want to keep the manufacturing source a secret, while forensic investigators like Kirk Garrison from the San Bernardino Sheriff's department are looking to find any sort of "fingerprints" left behind by nefarious manufacturers. An interview with Garrison shared by 404 Media suggests he may have found a way to link 3D printed objects, like ghost gun components, to specific printers.
In the interview, Garrison explained how he recently began looking for ways that forensics investigators might be able to identify printers by any traces left behind in the objects they print. So far, he's had success in identifying key signatures, also known as toolmarks, found consistently from specific 3D printers.
If you're not familiar with the term toolmark, it refers to a type of mark found on an object that's left by the maker and or one of the tools used in its manufacturing process. In this case, Garrison has discovered consistent toolmarks in the way in which filament is dispersed during the print process on certain lines.
Garisson has studied 3D printed objects, more specifically, 3D printed weapons, using a microscope. It was while studying the 3D printed component up close that he noticed scuff marks in a repeated pattern across the object. Using this, he was able to find matching characteristics in other objects, suggesting they were printed by the same printer and possibly even the same batch.
Not a precise 3D printer 'fingerprint'
It's important to note that this information isn't enough to determine exactly what printer created what object. However, it can help narrow down information during investigations. There are also many factors like extruder size, nozzle temperature and bed type that can impact the look of the final object. It's also hard to determine when an object was printed using a different printer or if it was printed from the same one but in a different location on the print bed.
This type of forensic study is brand new and unexplored. Whether or not it turns into a useful foray has to be seen, but Garisson is for sure one of the brilliant minds asking questions and leading the way.
If you're interested in 3D printing but aren't sure where to start, we always suggest newcomers check out our list of the best 3D printers to get an idea of what's out there. Who knows, it could bring you one step closer to a career in forensics.
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Ash Hill is a contributing writer for Tom's Hardware with a wealth of experience in the hobby electronics, 3D printing and PCs. She manages the Pi projects of the month and much of our daily Raspberry Pi reporting while also finding the best coupons and deals on all tech.
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Seems to me that running a heat gun or similar on the surface to flow it just a touch would alter things enough to make it completely untraceable. Either that or a quick pass with a piece of emery cloth to remove any surface marks. Or, for bulk manufacture, a quick pass through a bead blaster.Reply
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Anon Hamster It sounds like some very smart person just found their Golden goose in funding for the next decade. Anyone who has done 3D printing knows that this is nearly impossible with how many hundreds of thousands of different printers are on the market, the frequency that users swap out nozzles hot ends etc, and also the complete lack of a 24/7 updated database on everything that's going on with your specific printer at any time. Oh and not to mention the fact that people do home build printers just from parts online that can be acquired from anywhere. Someone he's using government fear mongering to fleece all the officials and departments that has zero understanding of how this technology works.Reply -
USAFRet This might also require that the profile for your printer already be on file somewhere. for comparison.Reply
I have 1/2 dozen build plates, several different nozzles of various sizes, a basically infinite series of temperature and layer settings....
Good luck. -
Telchars Apprentice There is no way this science will be remotely viable and would get torn to shreds in court. A gun leaves a finger print on a bullet because of the barell. Change the barell and the finger print is gone.Reply
In 3d Printing changing the nozzle, print speed, bed temp, nozzle temp, top surface layers or pattern and the finger print will not match.
Also, if you anneal the part you lose the finger print. -
Dave 58
That would be a waste of taxpayer dollars. The costs far outweigh any potential benefits.USAFRet said:This might also require that the profile for your printer already be on file somewhere. for comparison.
I have 1/2 dozen build plates, several different nozzles of various sizes, a basically infinite series of temperature and layer settings....
Good luck. -
hazmat456 Not even remotely possible. Not to mention the request to Thingiverse to remove CAD files by a government agency is a blatant violation of the First Amendment. Even casually mention it during a conversation. It is ground for lawsuit.Reply -
snemarch
Yeah, forensics. A career in... forensics... was definitely what came to mind as I read the first part of this paragraph 😉The Article said:If you're interested in 3D printing but aren't sure where to start, we always suggest newcomers check out our list of the best 3D printers to get an idea of what's out there. Who knows, it could bring you one step closer to a career in forensics. -
frankens This is the same method of barrel marks on a bullet.. except.. 3d printer heads aren't cleaned regularly, plug, get contaminates, wear. As such, less accurate.Reply -
FHM Studios Doesn't really matter either way to be honest. Ghost guns where readily available before 3d printing was even a thing. Heck zip guns were the thing in the 90s. As others have mentioned, there's numerous ways that make this "tracing" pointless, as well as numerous work arounds. Even if they did remove them from thingsverse, EVERYONE that is involved in ghost guns typically don't get them from there anyways, that's more so a place for beginners to easily find files. It's not difficult at all to design your own. But of course mine aren't just printed plastic, but reinforced carbon polymer, if you know you know 😏Reply